In waterjet and laser milling, material is removed from a solid surface in a succession of layers to create a new shape, in a depth-controlled manner. The inverse problem consists of defining the control parameters, in particular, the two-dimensional beam path, to arrive at a prescribed freeform surface. Waterjet milling (WJM) and pulsed laser ablation (PLA) are studied in this paper, since a g...

This study determined the effect of genetic variation, feed deprivation, and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) on weight loss, plasma IGF-I and growth hormone, and indexes of protein degradation in eight full-sibling families of rainbow trout. After 2 wk of feed deprivation, fish treated with IGF-I lost 16% less (P < 0.05) wet weight than untreated fish. Feed deprivation increased growth hor...

A correctly set up dry powder measurement using a laser diffraction particle size analyser is much easier to perform than measurement of wet suspensions. However, incorrect measurement set-up can lead to errors and inconsistencies. This article examines the key steps achieving successful dry to powder measurement. Issues examined include powder flowability and sampling, air pressure and sample ...

This paper reports microfluidic chip based wet spinning of biodegradable polymers with simple mechanism, and study of cell orientation dependence with fiber size. Biodegradable polymer PLGA fiber was produced by microfluidic chip based spinning device. By controlling feed rate of core polymer and sheath coagulating solutions, we got various PLGA fiber diameter from 10 to 242 μm. L929 mouse fibr...

17 The SS-type rotifer Brachionus rotundiformis is a common initial food for rearing fish 18 larvae with small mouth. However, there are commercially important fish species whose mouth 19 sizes are too small to feed on SS-type rotifers. In 2004, we isolated a small (body length= 82.7 20 ±10.9 μm; body width 40.5±6.4 μm), flexible, and iloricate rotifer, Proales similis from an 21 estuary in Oki...