This paper describes the value-laden and contentious budgeting process in a large university system in the southeastern US. Budgets are computed using the “Flying Horse Model,” based on historical enrollment in terms of semester credit hours, a “productivity factory” for faculty in each college and national average salary by college. The model is intended to make the process more “rational” and...

Over the past several years, the United States government has spent substantial resources on preparing the nation against a bioterrorist attack. This article analyzes the civilian biodefense funding by the federal government from fiscal years 2001 through 2005, specifically analyzing the budgets and allocations for biodefense at the Department of Health and Human Services, the Department of Hom...

Since 2001, the U.S. government has spent substantial resources on preparing the nation against a bioterrorist attack. Earlier articles in this series analyzed civilian biodefense funding by the federal government from fiscal years 2001 through 2007. This article updates those figures with budgeted amounts for fiscal year 2008, specifically analyzing the budgets and allocations for biodefense a...

Ozone production, nitrogen oxides, and radical budgets in Mexico City: observations from Pico de Tres Padres E. C. Wood, S. C. Herndon, T. B. Onasch, J. H. Kroll, M. R. Canagaratna, C. E. Kolb, D. R. Worsnop, J. A. Neuman, R. Seila, M. Zavala, and W. B. Knighton Aerodyne Research, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts, USA Earth System Research Laboratory, NOAA, Boulder, Colorado, USA National Exposur...

Small developing countries, with their limited resources and, probably more importantly, their inefficient use of those resources, often find themselves so overwhelmed by the demand to provide services of various kinds that little sustained attention is paid to the quality of what is provided. The sums allocated in successive annual national budgets for the respective service sectors are almost...

Since 2001, the United States government has spent substantial resources on preparing the nation against a bioterrorist attack. An earlier article analyzed the civilian biodefense funding by the federal government from fiscal years 2001 through 2005. This article updates those figures with budgeted amounts for fiscal year 2006, specifically analyzing the budgets and allocations for biodefense a...

Abstract Neither international treaties nor domestic policies control carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions from shipping. To enhance mitigation, a new multilateral mechanism could allocate these to national budgets, where different options be used based on the location of industry actors and ships. We analyze five allocation options, showing that clear majority CO would distributed ten countries un...