Intranasal route, ensuring suitable bioavailability of medicines under circumvention of the gastrointestinal degradation and hepatic first-pass elimination, has been a popular choice for drug delivery. Among nasal dosage forms, mucoadhesive solid inserts have been shown to resist mucociliary clearance and provide a prolonged nasal residence time. Hence, the purpose of this study was the prepara...

The acceptability and pharmacology of intermittent aerosol administration of amantadine was assessed in healthy volunteers. Amantadine solutions of 2.5, 1.5, or 1.0 g/100 ml were used for 12 30-min, twice-daily aerosol treatments in 15 subjects. Overall, the aerosol treatments were well tolerated. During and up to 1 h after aerosol exposures, nasal irritation, rhinorrhea, dysgeusia, or a combin...

The mucosal adjuvant effect of synthetic double-stranded RNA polyriboinosinic polyribocytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] against influenza virus was examined under intranasal coadministration with inactivated hemagglutinin (HA) vaccine in BALB/c mice and was shown to have a protective effect against both nasal-restricted infection and lethal lung infection. Intranasal administration of vaccine from PR8...

Problem statement: Recent findings demonstrated the crucial role of oxidative stress on the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Antioxidant intake is beneficial to delay or inhibit the progression of this disease. Quercetin, a bioflavonoid in fruits and vegetables, has a powerful antioxidant activity both in vitro and in vivo. Claims that quercetin has many biological activities. Howev...

Problem statement: The prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease is increasing but the efficacy of treatment is still very limited due to various factors including the blood brain barrier. Recent findings demonstrated the crucial role of oxidative stress on the pathophysiology of disease. In addition the burden of blood brain barrier can be overcome by nasal administration and vesicle-carrier mediated ...

Nasal drug delivery may be used for either local or systemic effects. Low molecular weight drugs with are rapidly absorbed through nasal mucosa. The main reasons for this are the high permeability, fairly wide absorption area, porous and thin endothelial basement membrane of the nasal epithelium. Despite the many advantages of the nasal route, limitations such as the high molecular weight (HMW)...

Objective: To evaluate whether a nasal gel, administered using a radial-hole inhaler, reaches the olfactory cleft, and if a different administration method influences distribution. Material and method: Sixteen healthy volunteers underwent a nasal endoscopy at 1 and 7 min after the administration of a intranasal gel, with a different method in each fossa. Results: No dye deposition was identifie...

PURPOSE Along with their cholesterol-lowering effect, statins have shown a wide range of pleiotropic effects potentially beneficial to neurodegenerative diseases. However, such effects are extremely elusive via the conventional oral administration. The purpose of the present study was to prepare and characterize the physicochemical properties and the in vivo biodistribution of simvastatin-loade...

KIROGLU, A.F., BAYRAKLI, H., YUCA, K., CANKAYA, H. and KIRIS, M. Nasal Obstruction as a Common Side-Effect of Sildenafil Citrate. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 2006, 208 (3), 251-254 ── Sildenafil citrate is an effective oral drug for erectile dysfunction. The main action of sildenafil is the enhancement of the effect of nitric oxide (NO) by inhibiting the cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-specific ...

OBJECTIVES In cystic fibrosis (CF) patients the paranasal sinuses can constitute a niche for bacteria, which can migrate to the lungs. Nasal administration of antibiotics may be effective, but safety of this treatment has to be established first. The objective of this study was to investigate the systemic absorption of nasally administered tobramycin, colistin (administered as colistin sulfomet...