CONTEXT Many synthetic bone materials have been introduced for repairing bone defects. AIM The aim of this study is to comparatively evaluate the efficacy of nano-hydroxyapatite (HA) and nano-bioglass bone materials with their traditional micro counterparts in repairing bone defects. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this prospective animal study, four healthy dogs were included. First to fourth pre...

The most stringer barrier for the delivery of neurotherapeutics in-vivo is presented by the blood-brain barrier which limits the access of neurotherapeutics to the CNS effectively. Intranasal delivery of neurotherapeutics is one of the promising endeavors to surmount the blood-brain barrier, designated as direct nose to brain transport, by the passage of neurotherapeutics along the olfactory an...

Nano materials is a new type of drug carriers with very promising application. In recent years, great progress was achieved in making drugs own the characteristics of targeted and controlled release via nanotechnologies. This paper addressed the capability of nano drugs on targeting to cells, penetrating through epicyte, controlled release and the security issues resulting from its using. We ga...

Zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nano-Fe0) in aqueous solution rapidly inactivated Escherichia coli. A strong bactericidal effect of nano-Fe0 was found under deaerated conditions, with a linear correlation between log inactivation and nano-Fe0 dose (0.82 log inactivation/mg/L nano-Fe0 x h). The inactivation of E. coli under air saturation required much higher nano-Fe0 doses due to the corrosion ...

polymer-clay nano-composite materials, in which nano-meter thick layers of clay dispersed in polymer matrix, have generally higher mechanical properties than normal polymeric materials. a new three-dimensional unit cell model has been developed for modeling three constituent phases including inclusion, interphase and matrix. the total elastic modulus of nano-composite is evaluated.  numerical r...

Norovirus is the leading cause of gastroenteritis worldwide. Despite recent developments in norovirus propagation in cell culture, these viruses are still challenging to grow routinely. Moreover, little is known on how norovirus infects the host cells, except that histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) are important binding factors for infection and cell entry. Antibodies that bind at the HBGA pock...

Nano carbon materials as nanotube and fullerene have a potential for applications to the advanced industries. For nano carbon materials, it has been recognized that large-scale simulation is a powerful and efficient tool to find and create new functional nano carbon materials. Aiming at conducting the productive simulation for nano-materials, we have developed the large-scale simulation models ...

The Choices operating system splits the microkernel into a machine-independent part and a machine-dependent sub-microkernel. The sub-microkernel, called the nano-kernel in Choices, encapsulates the hardware and presents an idealized machine architecture to the rest of the system. Higher levels of the system access the nano-kernel through a single interface. Nano-kernels are useful because they ...

Spontaneous movement of condensed matter provides a new insight to efficiently improve condensation heat transfer on superhydrophobic surface. However, very few reports have shown the jumping behaviors on the sprayable superhydrophobic coatings. Here, we developed a sprayable silica nano-porous coating assembled by fluorinated nano-chains to survey the condensates' dynamics. The dewdrops were c...

Three-dimensional nano-biointerface has been emerging as an important topic for chemistry, nanotechnology, and life sciences in recent years. Understanding the exchanges of materials, signals, and energy at biological interfaces has inspired and helped the serial design of three-dimensional nano-biointerfaces. The intimate interactions between cells and nanostructures bring many novel propertie...