abstract this chapter describes how the climate change is potentially the mostsevere threat to pollinator biodiversity. mounting evidence demonstrates that therehave already been biotic responses to the relatively small climate changes that haveoccurred this century. pollinators such as birds, bees, butterflies, moths, flies, wasps,beetles bats and even mosquitoes are essential for food product...

Wild pollinators depend on floral resources available in the landscape, partly provided by mass flowering crops (MFCs), such as rapeseed or sunflower. MFCs are however often grown conventionally, implying insecticide use, with potential negative effects pollinators. To understand whether and to what extent these could contribute maintenance of pollinator populations, we investigated inter-annua...

How pollinators mediate microbiome assembly in the anthosphere is a major unresolved question of theoretical and applied importance face anthropogenic disturbance. We addressed this by linking visitation diverse pollinator functional groups (bees, wasps, flies, butterflies, beetles, true bugs other taxa) to key properties floral (microbial ?- ?-diversity microbial network) under agrochemical di...

Floral scents are among the key signals used by pollinators to navigate to specific flowers. Thus, evolutionary changes in scents should have strong impacts on plant diversification, although scent-mediated plant speciation through pollinator shifts has rarely been demonstrated, despite being likely. To examine whether and how scent-mediated plant speciation may have occurred, we investigated t...

Since agricultural activities were first recorded, there have been shortages of pollinators. Today it seems that pollination systems in many areas of agriculture are threatened by the inadequacy or lack of sustainable managed, indigenous, or imported pollinators. Pollinator shortages can adversely affect crop production and commodity markets. This paper presents an economic model than can be us...

Floral visitors of the homoploid hybrid speeies. Iris nelsonii (Abbeville Red Iris), were observed and identified in order to determine whether Abbeville Red Iris flowers are visited by similar floral visitors as its progenitor Iris speeies. The most common floral visitors to Abbeville Red Iris flowers v/exeArchilochus colubris (Ruby-throated Hummingbird), whieh were also largely successful in ...