Maize ( Zea mays L.) and dry beans Phaseolus vulgaris are important staple food cash crops worldwide. Common bean in an intercrop with maize contributes to biological nitrogen fixation, which stabilize productivity of cropping systems reduce negative environmental impacts loss biodiversity for sustainable agriculture. A field experiments was performed during the years 2020 2021 at Sers El-Layia...

ECBM displacement experiments are a direct way to observe the gas displacement process and efficiency by inspecting the produced gas composition and flow rate. We conducted two sets of ECBM experiments by injecting N2 and CO2 through four large parallel specimens (300 × 50 × 50 mm coal briquette). N2 or CO2 is injected at pressures of 1.5, 1.8, and 2.2 MPa and various crustal stresses. The chan...

FIGURE 1 Echinochloa frumentacea control over three seasons. These trials were conducted under a wide variety of soil and climatic conditions. A randomised complete block designwith four replicationswas used. The trials werela.id out in such a way that each plot could be compared WIth an adjacent control strip. A plot size of 20 m' was used. ~er­ bicides were applied pre-emergence by means of s...

There is a need to optimize water-nitrogen (N) applications to increase seed cotton yield and water use efficiency (WUE) under a mulch drip irrigation system. This study evaluated the effects of four water regimes [moderate drip irrigation from the third-leaf to the boll-opening stage (W1), deficit drip irrigation from the third-leaf to the flowering stage and sufficient drip irrigation thereaf...

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects furrow fertigation on nitrate deep leaching, runoff losses, and plant nitrogen supply in various growth stages maize ( Zea mays L.). Furrow experiment conducted 120 (W1), 100 (W2), 80 (W3), 60% (W4) levels required water (560 mm) (N1), (N2), 60 (N3), 0% (N4) fertilizer (184 kg N ha −1 ). N-fertilizer applied four split applications ...

to investigate the effects of intercropping of basil (ocimum basiilicum l.) and cowpea (vigna unguiculata l.), different levels of nitrogen fertilizers on basil and cowpea yield, an experiment was carried out during 2010 and 2011. experimental factor were included weed treatment (weeding and unweeding), three levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 50 and 100 kg ha-1), different planting ratio, (p1: ...

this research aimed at investigating the effect of different levels of nitrogen and planting patterns on dry matter production and growth physiological indices in intercropping maize and sunflower. to do this a split plot experiment carried out based randomized complete block design with three replications in research field of shushtar islamic azad university. the main plot included three level...

In the study, mean germination time (MED) was determined as 16.6 days, 21.08 and 9.75 days in traditional sowing method, cross double row method Parallel planting respectively, rate index (ERI) same order. It found 0.31 - 0.52 0.40 pieces/m.day. Grain yield 15260 kg/ha 22330 18300 parallel method. As a result of experiments calculations, net energy to be 297,353.23 Mj/ha, 238.986.57 194.782.97 ...

Little information exists on establishment vigor differences among fine fescue taxa (Festuca L. spp.) and the effects N fertilizer levels or clover (Trifolium spp.)-inclusion during establishment. Five replicated field experiments in Indiana, Minnesota, Oregon were conducted from 2019 to 2021. Data collection continued for 9 mo after planting investigate four determine optimal fertility clover-...