background: the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of glucocorticoid-induced diabetes mellitus (gidm) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) under glucocorticoid therapy. methods: patients with sle who had received high-dose glucocorticoid therapy (prednisolone≥1 mg/kg/day) at rasoul akram and firoozgar hospitals were recruited during 2006-20...

Pyoderma gangrenosum is a rare neutrophilic dermatosis that commonly treated with systemic corticosteroids; however, their potent side effects may warrant tapering, and non-steroidal immunosuppressants help maintain or bolster disease clearance during weaning. Although cyclosporine regarded as favorable corticosteroid-sparing agent, it associated several effects, such renal toxicity hypertensio...

M ycophenolate mofetil (MMF) has become the single most used immunosuppressant in solid-organ transplantation. Despite a well-documented relationship and efficacy (in terms of acute rejection prophylaxis) and exposure to mycophenolic acids (MPA) as measured by area under the curve (AUC), excellent results have been achieved using a fixed-dosage regimen. In the past several years, there has been...

Commentary Systemic sclerosis is one of the rheumatic diseases that is associated with the worst prognosis. Systemic sclerosis is divided into localized and systemic forms. Localized scleroderma comprises four subtypes, namely morphea, generalized morphea, linear scleroderma and en coup de saber, and is more commonly encountered in children. Although conversion into systemic sclerosis is very u...