BACKGROUND Genetic haemochromatosis is a common hereditary iron loading disorder in humans. The disease is associated with loss of function mutations in the HFE gene. This is thought to change iron stores via increased iron absorption. AIMS In this study we investigated how adaptation of mucosal reductase activity is engaged in this process and how the changes compare with adaptation seen whe...

Influenza infection typically initiates at respiratory mucosal surfaces. Induction of immune responses at the sites where pathogens initiate replication is crucial for the prevention of infection. We studied the adjuvanticity of GPI-anchored CCL28 co-incorporated with influenza HA-antigens in chimeric virus-like particles (cVLPs), in boosting strong protective immune responses through an intran...

The incorporation of the fatty acids in fish and olive oil into the colonic mucosa of patients with inflammatory bowel disease was examined during 12 weeks' dietary supplementation with the oils, and the influence on colonic mucosal prostaglandin and thromboxane generation was measured. With a dietary supplement of 18 g fish oil daily, concentrations of the major polyunsaturated fatty acids in ...

BACKGROUND Mucosal biopsy is the most common sampling technique used to assess microbial communities associated with the intestinal mucosa. Biopsies disrupt the epithelium and can be associated with complications such as bleeding. Biopsies sample a limited area of the mucosa, which can lead to potential sampling bias. In contrast to the mucosal biopsy, the mucosal brush technique is less invasi...

The aim of this work was to establish the effect of the cis9,trans11 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomer on mucosal immunity during early life in rats, a period when mucosal immunoglobulin production is poorly developed, as is also the case in humans. CLA supplementation was performed during three life periods: gestation, suckling, and early infancy. The immune status of supplemented animals ...

UNLABELLED The sublingual route has been proposed as a needle-free option to induce systemic and mucosal immune protection against viral infections. In a translational study of systemic and mucosal humoral immune responses to sublingual or systemically administered viral antigens, eighteen healthy female volunteers aged 19-31 years received three immunizations with a quadravalent Human Papillom...

Reconstruction of a full-thickness alar defect requires independent blood supplies to the inner and outer surfaces. Because of this, secondary operations are commonly needed for the division of skin flap from its origin. Here, we report a single-stage reconstruction of full-thickness alar defect, which was made possible by the use of a nasolabial island flap and septal mucosal hinge flap. A 49-...

Ventricular dysphonia, also known as dysphonia plicae ventricularis, is a disorder of speech in which the ventricular folds (false vocal folds, FVFs) participate pathologically in phonation. 1,2 Although the first anatomic illustrations of the false folds were done in 1775 by Santorini ,3 their role in phonation was not completely understood. In 1860, 6 years after the introduction of the laryn...

objective(s): this study was performed to investigate the effects of mucosal acidification on mrna expression and protein synthesis of cystathionine gamma lyase (cse), cystathionine beta synthase (cbs), and mucosal release of h2s in gastric mucosa in rats. materials and methods:thirty-two rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups (8 in each), including: the control group, hcl (10 mm) treated gr...

 In this paper, we aresupposed to introduce the definitions of n-fold commutative, andimplicative hyper K-ideals. These definitions are thegeneralizations of the definitions of commutative, andimplicative hyper K-ideals, respectively, which have been definedin [12]. Then we obtain some related results. In particular wedetermine the relationships between n-fold implicative hyperK-ideal and n-fol...