In the new legislation framework enacted by new member countries of the European Union (EU), the characterization of municipal solid waste (MSW) represents an important instrument for local governments and sanitation operators in setting and achieving targets for waste recycling and recovery. This paper presents the results of a study conducted in accordance with the Romanian methodology for do...

Municipal solid waste (MSW) management has emerged as an important human and environmental health issue. A large number of poor, downtrodden marginalized urban women are thriving on these recyclable wastes and are potentially exposed to a variety of occupational biohazards and safety risks. At present there are about millions of women in India who scavenge the city’s garbage bins and MSW dispos...

The poor state of solid waste management in cities of developing countries is fast assuming the scale of a major social/environmental challenge. The main drivers of the waste problem in Nigeria, for instance, are poverty, high population and urbanization growth rates, compounded by a weak and underfunded infrastructure. The gravity of this problem is perhaps best reflected in the level of atten...

Transfer station (TS) is an integral part of present-day municipal solid waste (MSW) management systems. To provide information for the incorporation of waste facilities within the current integrated waste management system, the authors measured the existing environmental quality at five MSW TSs. Discharged wastewater, air, and noise were monitored and assayed at the five TSs in Beijing in 2001...

Utilisation of Municipal Solid Waste is important to curb the ever rising demand of scarce land for its disposal. Changing life style patterns, particularly in urban areas, has led to increase in generation of MSW. Municipal solid waste from Indian cities estimated to have 40% 60% organic matter, which could be recycled as compost. The most suitable way to recycle it with low investment is aero...

China has the largest population (1.33 billion) on Earth and a 2010 GDP of $5.4 trillion. This nation has experienced rapid economic growth in the last decade that has been accompanied by the generation of an enormous amount of municipal solid wastes. From 2000 to 2009, the reported MSW increased by 33% to 157 million tons. This paper presents the current situation in MSW generation, characteri...

On 1 January 2007, Romania entered the European Union. For that reason Romania must comply with all the EU directives in the field of the management of the environment. In 2007, in Romania, Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) was generally landfilled without pre-treatment and energy valorization absent. Some initiatives are in progress but landfilling is still dominant. The entrance in the EU gave an i...

Recent data in S-Kam favor the large mixing angle MSW (LMA-MSW) solution. How does one get the LMA-MSW solution as well as the maximal mixing of the atmospheric neutrinos in theory? It is not easy to reproduce the nearly bi-maximal mixings with LMA-MSW solution in GUT models[1, 2, 3]. The non-abelian flavor symmetry S3L × S3R or O3L × O3R leads to the LMA-MSW solution naturally[4, 5]. The mass ...