BACKGROUND Subthalamic stimulation reduces motor disability and improves quality of life in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease who have severe levodopa-induced motor complications. We hypothesized that neurostimulation would be beneficial at an earlier stage of Parkinson's disease. METHODS In this 2-year trial, we randomly assigned 251 patients with Parkinson's disease and early motor...

INTRODUCTION Most patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) experience walking impairment during the course of their disease. From an MS patient’s perspective, walking ability is the most important bodily function. Currently, sustained-release oral fampridine (fampridine-SR) is the only drug approved for the symptomatic treatment of walking disability due to MS. Fampridine is a potassium channel bl...

background: learning disability is one of the most noticed subjects for behavioral specialists. most of the learning difficulties are caused by senso-motor development and neurological organization. the main purpose of the present research is to examine the role of delayed perceptual-motor development and brain damage in origination of expressive writing disorder (ewd).   methods: the studied s...

background: children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder/developmental coordination disorder (adhd/dcd) suffer from problems associated with gross and fine motor skills. there is no effective pharmacological therapy for such patients. we aimed to assess the impact of methylphenidate (mph) on motor performance of children with adhd/dcd. methods: in this double-blind placebo-controlled,...

objective: the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of parenting education on improvement of reading and writing disabilities in children. methods: a randomized controlled trial was done on primary school students with reading and writing disabilities and their mothers. the subjects were divided into three groups with 26 members in each group. the first group (mothers’ education group) re...

BACKGROUND Cerebral palsy presents with a range of severity of cognitive, motor, and sensory disabilities, which might affect survival. AIMS To quantify the effects of motor, cognitive, and sensory disabilities, year of birth, birth weight, and gestational age on survival in cerebral palsy. METHODS A cohort of children with cerebral palsy born between 1966 and 1989 to mothers resident in a ...

Background and Objective: Cerebro-Vascular Accident (CVA) is considered to be one of the main causes of acquired motor disability in adults. Different motor rehabilitation programs are being designed in order to improve motor difficulties of patients with CVA. In the current study we aimed to assess the effect of task-based mirror therapy on upper limb functions and activities of daily living i...