This paper describes a preliminary study to demonstrate the application of sex determination of bovine embryos using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in field conditions in Turkey. Three cows were selected according to their fertility records and physical examinations and were super ovulated following oestrus synchronization after artificial insemination. Six embryos were collected using the sta...

Background: Fibroblast growth factors are a great family of growth factors that exert variety of functions in vertebrates including cell growth, survival, differentiation and migration. FGFRs are transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptors transmitting FGF signals. Four types of FGFRs (1/2/3/4) exist in vertebrates. FGF2 is one of the FGFs detected in bovine and ovine uterus flushes, supposing that...

Introduction The gestation length for the Old World camelids is 13 months. In all mammalian species the embryo starts life as a spherical clump of cells enclosed within a mucopolysaccharide coat, the zona pellucida, which is transparent, tough and elastic. The transformation from this stage (called a morula) to a blastocyst usually occurs soon after the embryo has reached the uterine lumen from...

Alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity has been assayed in frozen sections of preimplantation mouse embryos by an azo-dye cytochemical method. The results indicate that during preimplantation mouse development AP activity is first expressed between the 8- and 16-cell stages and develops in all cells by the late morula stage. During blastocyst formation AP activity is lost or greatly reduced in trop...

Cryopreservation and sexing of embryos are integrated into commercial embryo transfer technologies. To improve the effectiveness of vitrification of in vitro produced buffalo embryos, two experiments were conducted. The first evaluated the effect of exposure time (2 and 3 min) and developmental stage (morula and blastocysts) on the viability and development of vitrified buffalo embryos. Morphol...

background: progress achieved in culture media formulations have resulted led to an improvement in maintaining the mammalian embryo in culture throughout the preimplantation and pre-attachment period. objective: the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of various concentrations of myo-inositol during in vitro fertilization of bovine oocytes on subsequent embryo development. materi...

objective(s) staphylococcus aureus is a foremost source of numerous nosocomial and community acquired infections. antibiotic therapy for vancomycin resistant s. aureus (vrsa) can not promise the eradication of infections. since adhesion is the major route of infections, adhesin based vaccine could suppress s. aureus infections. fibronectin binding protein a (fnbpa) and clumping factor a (clfa) ...

Background: Arresting in a certain step of development like two-cell stage could be one of the reasons of infertility. The aim of this study is evaluating the effects of ethanol and strontium on growth and development of two-cell arrested mouse embryos. Materials and Methods: The females were coupled with male following superovulation. Positive vaginal plug mice were killed 48 hours after hCG i...