background: sporadic alzheimer’s disease (sad) is caused by genetic risk factors, aging and oxidative stresses. the herbal extract of rosa canina (r. canina), tanacetum vulgare (t. vulgare) and urtica dioica (u. dioica) has a beneficial role in aging, as an anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative agent. in this study, the neuroprotective effects of this herbal extract in the rat model of sad was i...

In a number of species, males appear to have spatial abilities that are superior to those of females. The favored explanation for this cognitive difference is hormonal: higher testosterone levels in males than in females. An alternative explanation focuses on the role of varying levels of estrogens in females during the estrus cycle; females perform as well as males on days of low estrogen, but...

We developed a maternal fetal rat model to study the effects of isoflurane-induced neurotoxicity on the fetuses of pregnant rats exposed in utero. Pregnant rats at gestational day 14 were exposed to 1.3 or 3% isoflurane for 1h. At postnatal day 28, spatial learning and memory of the offspring were examined using the Morris Water Maze. The apoptosis was evaluated by caspase-3 immunohistochemistr...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the AβPP/PS1 transgenic mouse model is a commonly used experimental model to mimic the pathological and cognitive impairments in AD. As a classic method to evaluate spatial learning and memory, the Morris water maze is widely applied to study the cognitive deficits in rodent AD models. However, the assay procedure is relat...

Administration of a non-competitive NMDA antagonist dizocilpine (MK-801) was proposed to be an animal model of psychosis. NMDA-receptor blockade is accompanied by increased locomotion, behavioral deficits, and other changes resembling psychotic symptoms. However, the role of NMDA-receptors in organizing brain representations is not understood yet. We tested the effect of NMDA-receptor blockade ...

Abstract The incidence rate of insomnia is increasing, but the mechanism it remains unclear. Warming Yang Strategy (WY) a kind Traditional Chinese Medicine, and proved to be effective in treating patients. animal was established with chlorophenylalanine (PCPA). Morris water maze open field test were performed evaluate influence WY on neurological recovery rats. TUNEL staining flow cytometry use...

The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of palmatine on memory of Swiss young male albino mice. Palmatine (0.1, 0.5, 1 mg/kg, i.p.) and physostigmine (0.1 mg/kg, i.p.) per se were administered for 10 successive days to separate groups of mice. Effect of drugs on learning and memory of mice was evaluated using elevated plus maze and Morris water maze. Brain acetylcholinesterase act...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In spite of its high disease burden, there is no specific treatment for multi-infarct dementia. The preclinical evaluation of candidate drugs is limited because an appropriate animal model is lacking. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate whether a mouse model of recurrent photothrombotic stroke is suitable for the preclinical investigation of multi-infarct dementia. METHODS ...