Protein corona of nanoparticles (NPs), which forms when these particles come in to contact with protein-containing fluids, is considered as an overlooked factor in nanomedicine. Through numerous studies it has been becoming increasingly evident that it importantly dictates the interaction of NPs with their surroundings. Several factors that determine the compositions of NPs protein corona have ...

As battlefield communications technologies have begun to achieve their potential, the notion of ‘winning the information war’ has begun to take on a new complexion—one in which we may be our own biggest enemy. A fundamental problem is that the overhead costs and complexity associated with deciding how to allocate information resources—including generation, processing and routing resources—are t...

globally, today particularly in the developing countries, much attention is paid to how to achieve the goals of all-out development, that is sustainable and human development. this paper proposes the question that what role does women’s increased participation play in attaining sustainable development in the muslim countries. what is the prospect for these countries? drawing on the experiences ...

This paper proposes a new adaptive extended Kalman filter (AEKF) for a class of nonlinear systems perturbed by noise which is not necessarily additive. The proposed filter is adaptive against the uncertainty in the process and measurement noise covariances. This is accomplished by deriving two recursive updating rules for the noise covariances, these rules are easy to implement and reduce the n...

BACKGROUND Drug-induced long QT syndrome is generally ascribed to inhibition of the cardiac rapid delayed rectifier potassium current (IKr). Effects on the slow delayed rectifier potassium current (IKs) are less recognized. Triggered by a patient who carried the K422T mutation in KCNQ1 (encoding the α-subunit of the IKs channel), who presented with excessive QT prolongation and high serum level...

Enzymatic conversion of hydrocodone to hydromorphone is catalyzed by cytochrome P450 2D6, which is inactive in about 7% of Caucasians [poor metabolizers (PMs)] and can be inhibited by quinidine pretreatment in the remainder [extensive metabolizers (EMs)]. If hydromorphone, having a substantially higher mu-receptor affinity than hydrocodone, contributes importantly to the physiological and subje...