We have studied the ATP-induced allosteric structural transition of GroEL using small angle X-ray scattering and fluorescence spectroscopy in combination with a stopped-flow technique. With X-ray scattering one can clearly distinguish the three allosteric states of GroEL, and the kinetics of the transition of GroEL induced by 85 microM ATP have been observed directly by stopped-flow X-ray scatt...

A manuscript on allostery signed by Francis Crick and Jeffries Wyman was sent by Crick to Jacques Monod in 1965. Monod transmitted a copy of the manuscript, upon which he had written several comments, to Jean-Pierre Changeux, then a post-doctoral fellow at the University of California Berkeley in the laboratory of Howard Schachman. Changeux provided a copy to Stuart Edelstein, a graduate studen...

Real-time monitoring of the microbial activity in porous media faces considerable challenges because conventional analytical procedures are intrusive. Induced polarization has shown promises as a non-intrusive approach for such processes. However, quantitative analysis soil column experiments to show how IP-based parameters can be related density bacteria is still lacking. The evolution bacteri...

kinetics of the chemical leaching of chalcocite from a low-grade copper ore in a ferric sulfate medium was investigated using the constrained least square optimization technique. the experiments were carried out for different particle sizes in both the reactor and column at constant eh, ph, and temperature. the leaching rate increased with increase in the temperature. about 50% of the cu recove...

In this study, aerobic digestion of tannery industry wastewater was carried out using mixed culture obtained from common effluent treatment plant treating tannery wastewater. The effect of pH, temperature, inoculum concentration, agitation speed and initial substrate concentration on the reduction of organic matters were found. The optimum conditions for COD reduction was found to be pH 7 (60%)...

Several modified versions of the Monod model have been proposed to simulate algal dynamics in lakes by keeping the parent model’s advantages of simplicity and low data requirement. This study evaluated the performance of a widely-used modified Monod model in predicting algal dynamics at various time scales in Lake Tai, a typical shallow lake in east China, using multiple time series. Chlorophyl...

Mechanisms for the Ca2+-dependent gating of single large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels from cultured rat skeletal muscle were developed using two-dimensional analysis of single-channel currents recorded with the patch clamp technique. To extract and display the essential kinetic information, the kinetic structure, from the single channel currents, adjacent open and closed intervals wer...

A steady state model for anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge is developed that comprises three sequential parts – a kinetic part from which the % COD removal and methane production are determined for a given retention time; a stoichiometry part from which the gas composition (or partial pressure of CO2), ammonia released and alkalinity generated are calculated from the %COD removal; and a carb...

The Ca 2 1 -dependent gating mechanism of large-conductance calcium-activated K 1 (BK) channels from cultured rat skeletal muscle was examined from low (4 m M) to high (1,024 m M) intracellular concentrations of calcium (Ca 2 1 i ) using single-channel recording. Open probability ( P o ) increased with increasing Ca 2 1 i ( K 0.5 11.2 6 0.3 m M at 1 30 mV, Hill coefficient of 3.5 6 0.3), reachi...