Interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 are related cytokines that share a common signaling pathway key drivers of several responses in atopic inflammation. Dendritic cells (DCs) potent antigen-presenting crucial for the situ activation polarization T to induce appropriate primary immune responses. Under specific conditions DCs can produce IL-12 IL-23 promote Th1 Th17 cell activity, respectively, thus ind...

Differentiation of monocytes into dendritic cells (DCs) is characterised by marked changes in gene expression. The role of microRNAs (miRNAs), a new class of small endogenous non-coding regulatory RNAs, in this process is still unclear. We identified miR-223, miR-16, miR-191, miR-24, let-7b, and miR-21 as differentially expressed between monocytes and monocyte derived DCs. We evaluated the expr...

CD103+ dendritic cells (DCs) have been shown to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) through educating regulatory T (Treg) cells differentiation. However, the mechanism of CD103+ DCs subsets differentiation remains elusive. Interleukin (IL)-4 is a pleiotropic cytokine that is upregulated in certain types of inflammation, including IBDs and especially ulc...

l'i plidi presentation by autologous dendritic cells (DCs) is a new to»!to activate tumor antigen-specific T cells in melanoma patients. However, it is not known whether autologous DCs, differentiated by two of the most efficient protocols (from CD34* progenitors or from monocytes), are equally effective as professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) when the patients have a low frequency of ...

Distinct subsets of dendritic cells (DCs) are present in blood, probably "en route" to different tissues. We have investigated the chemokines and adhesion molecules involved in the migration of myeloid (CD11c(+)) and plasmacytoid (CD123(+)) human peripheral blood DCs across vascular endothelium. Among blood DCs, the CD11c(+) subset vigorously migrated across endothelium in the absence of any ch...

Dendritic cells (DCs) are the best professional antigen-presenting cells to stimulate cytotoxic as well as T helper cells and are therefore appropriate candidates for establishing immunotherapy. The concept of our vaccination program is to introduce the tumor-associated antigen mucin-1 (MUC1) into DCs. Analysis of immature and mature DCs--before transducing the antigen MUC1--already demonstrate...

The effects of estrogen on the immune system are still largely unknown. We have investigated the effect of 17beta-estradiol (E(2)) on human monocyte-derived immature dendritic cells (iDCs). Short-term culture in E(2) had no effect on iDC survival or the expression of cell surface markers. However, E(2) treatment significantly increased the secretion of interleukin 6 (IL-6) in iDCs and also incr...

NK cells infiltrate human herpetic lesions, but their role has been underexplored. HSV can stimulate innate immune responses via surface TLR2, which is expressed on monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) and NK cells. In this study, UV-inactivated HSV1/2 and immunodominant HSV2 glycoprotein D peptides conjugated to the TLR2 agonist dipalmitoyl-S-glyceryl cysteine stimulated CD4 T lymphocyte IFN...

Mature dendritic cells (DCs) are central to the development of optimal T cell immune responses. CD40 ligand (CD40L, CD154) is one of the most potent maturation stimuli for immature DCs. We studied the role of three signaling pathways, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and phosphoinositide-3-OH kinase (PI3K), in CD40L-induced monocyte-deriv...

Macrophages and myeloid dendritic cells (DCs) represent alternative differentiation options of bone marrow progenitors and blood monocytes. This choice profoundly influences the immune response under normal and pathological conditions, but the underlying transcriptional events remain unresolved. Here, we show that experimental activation of the transcription factors PU.1 and MafB in transformed...