immune and inflammatory responses mediated by cytokines, play important roles in the pathophysiology of asthma. these responses are associated with overexpression of th2 cytokines such as il-4 and il-13. these two cytokines use common receptors for signaling that lead to identical immunological effects and regulation of the th1/th2 balance. the aim of this study was to determine whether patient...

Background & Objective: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with chronic inflammatory immune response. Current therapies mostly rely on glucocorticoids which are accompanied by side-effects and mostly fail to achieve a favorable remission. Th17 subpopulation of T cells is increased in exacerbated SLE as IL-17 cytokine is overexpressed. ...

Background: IL-17/IL-23 axis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases such as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and multiple sclerosis (MS). The immunomodulatory properties of ginger are reported in previous studies. Objective: To evaluate the effects of ginger extract on the expression of IL-17 and IL-23 in a model of EAE. Methods: EAE was induc...

Background: Preeclampsia is a major cause of mortality and morbidity and is also a leading cause of preterm birth and intrauterine growth retardation. Several studies have reported abnormal levels of cytokines in women with preeclampsia. Objectives: To detect serum levels of various cytokines in pregnant women with and without preeclampsia in the third trimester of pregnancy. Methods: Thirty pa...

A grouped instance of a cellular automaton (CA) is another one obtained by grouping several states into blocks and by letting interact neighbor blocks. Based on this operation (and on the subautomaton notion), a preorder on the set of one dimensional CA is introduced. It is shown that (CA,) admits a global minimum and that on the bottom of (CA,) very natural equivalence classes are located. The...

La sfida raccolta da DULP richiede un approccio innovativo che consenta di riconsiderare le pratiche e l'idea di formazione, allo scopo di offrire supporto a forme di apprendimento che vanno assumendo un carattere temporale, spaziale e culturale sempre più ubiquo e che si svolgono in contesti sempre più liquidi e coevolutivi, in cui l'individuo deve necessariamente apprendere a gestire la propr...

The paper compares conventional and final-offer arbitration from the welfare perspective. By some existing contractual arrangement, one party is supposed to make a payment to the other party, depending on the state of the world. Under asymmetric information, one party has a better signal about the state of the world and the other party is aware about its informational disadvantage. Then the ran...

There are several classes of interior point algorithms that solve linear programming problems in O(Vin L) iterations, but it is not known whether this bound is tight for any interior point algorithm. Among interior point algorithms, several potential reduction algorithms combine both theoretical (O(+/E L) iterations) and practical efficiency as they allow the flexibility of line searches in the...

pemphigus vulgaris is an autoimmune disease, in which the role of th17 cytokines needs to be further explored. this study was performed to assess serum levels of three interleukins (il) required for th17 differentiation (il-1β, il-6 and il-23) and two specific th17 cytokines (il-17 and il-22) in a group of patients with pemphigus vulgaris, at baseline, 3 weeks and 6 months after of treatment. c...

background in some autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (ra), interleukin-27 (il-27) and il-33 levels are increased. these observations suggest that il-27 and il-33 may have a role in the pathogenesis of polymyositis/dermatomyositis (pm/dm). conclusions these data indicate that il-27 might be selectively involved in the pathogenesis of dm and pm. however, il-33 does not appear to be...