We present the application of the formal specification language RT-Z, an integration of the model-based specification language Z and the real-time process algebra timed CSP, in the area of safety-critical systems. The characteristics underlying the development of safety-critical systems are identified, and criteria for specification languages to be used in this area are derived. It is demonstra...

natural aquifer vulnerability can be defined as reaching pollution to groundwater and the possibility to propogate in it after land contamination. this is a relative specification, with no dimension and cannot be measured; which it is not only depended on aquifer specification but also on geological and hydrological characteristics of the aquifer of the region. varieties of methods have been de...

We define a combined DEA score to evaluate efficiency in agricultural research. The production model we propose considers efficiency measurements under variable returns to scale for each year in the period 2012–2017. We postulate a first-order autoregressive process in the presence of covariates, to explain efficiency. Powers of the autocorrelation coefficient estimated assuming a dynamic panel...

the paper presents an economical model for double variable acceptance sampling with inspection errors. taguchi cost function is used as acceptance cost while quality specification functions are normal with known variance. an optimization model is developed for double variables acceptance sampling scheme at the presence of inspection errors with either constant or monotone value functions. the m...

In this paper, we develop an optimization model for the economic design of repetitive sampling plan in the presence of two markets. The process under consideration produces a product with a normally distributed quality characteristic with unknown mean and known variance. The quality characteristic has a lower specification limit. The quality of the product is controlled via lot-by-lot acceptanc...

One of the main requirements for providing software security is the enforcement of access control policies which aim to protect resources of the system against unauthorized accesses. Any error in the implementation of such policies may lead to undesirable outcomes. For testing the implementation of access control policies, it is preferred to use automated methods which are faster and more relia...