Executive Summary Overview Previously, Mills and Wiser [2012] found a decline in the marginal economic value of different variable generation (VG) technologies with increasing penetration levels. Economic value in this case is primarily based on the avoided costs form other non-renewable power plants in the power system including capital investment cost, variable fuel, and variable operations a...

The most important use of a spread spectrum communication system is that of interference mitigation. In fact, a spread spectrum communication system has an inherent temporal interference mitigation capability, usually called a processing gain. This gain enables the system to work properly in many cases. At times, however, the interference can be too strong, or the requirements for the link qual...

A web-based screening tool has been developed to assist urban planners and air quality management officials in assessing the potential of urban heat island mitigation strategies to affect the urban climate, ozone air quality, and energy consumption within their cities. The user of the screening tool can select from any of over 200 US cities for which to conduct the analysis. The mitigation stra...

We study a single-product setting in which a firm can source from two suppliers, one that is unreliable and another that is reliable but more expensive. Suppliers are capacity-constrained, but the reliable supplier may possess volume flexibility. We prove that in the special case in which the reliable supplier has no flexibility and the unreliable supplier has infinite capacity, a risk-neutral ...

Indoor air pollution mitigation measures are highly important due to the associated health impacts, especially on children, a risk group that spends significant time indoors. Thus, the main goal of the work here reported was the evaluation of mitigation measures implemented in nursery and primary schools to improve air quality. Continuous measurements of CO₂, CO, NO₂, O₃, CH₂O, total volatile o...

Avalanches pose a threat to settlements as well as industrial and recreational areas in the Alps. As a counter measure, technical mitigation measures have been implemented since the 19th century, resulting in a raise in value of formerly endangered areas. This increase in value can be considered as a benefit due to prevented damage. This paper compares the total costs and benefits of technical ...

New Swiss legislation obligates hydropower plant owners to reduce detrimental impacts on rivers ecosystems caused by hydropeaking. We used a case study in the Swiss Alps (hydropower company Kraftwerke Oberhasli AG) to develop an efficient and successful procedure for the ecological evaluation of such impacts, and to predict the effects of possible mitigation measures. We evaluated the following...

A web-based screening tool has been developed to assist urban planners and air quality management officials in assessing the potential of urban heat island mitigation strategies to affect the urban climate, ozone air quality, and energy consumption within their cities. The user of the screening tool can select from any of over 200 US cities for which to conduct the analysis. The mitigation stra...

A key challenge for a future climate change agreement is allocating emissions targets for individual developed countries that are perceived as equitable given differing national circumstances. Many economics-based frameworks for evaluating future targets use as a key criterion for individual country targets the notion that mitigation measures should result in similar costs (specifically, that t...

Penetration testing is a well-established practical concept for the identification of potentially exploitable security weaknesses and an important component of a security audit. Providing a holistic security assessment for networks consisting of several hundreds hosts is hardly feasible though without some sort of mechanization. Mitigation, prioritizing countermeasures subject to a given budget...