We studied the growth characteristics and hypoxic fractions of DLD-2 human colon tumours xenografted into male nude mice either in the unperturbed state or after i.p. injection (q.i.d. x 7) of basic fibroblast growth factor (0.25 mg kg') or suramin (50 mg kg-'). Hypoxic fractions were measured by clonogenic excision assay 1 day after administration b FGF or suramin was stopped. As compared to c...

In this paper a hierarchical extension of the Minority Game is de2ned and studied. Numerical 9 simulations show a special type of emergent global behavior between separated parts of the hierarchical structure, connected only through a normalized mean 2eld quantity. 11 c © 2003 Published by Elsevier Science B.V.

Objective: To assess the gender related impact of osteoarthritis (OA) on quality of life (QoL) and health service utilization (HSU) of primary care patients in Germany. Methods: Cross sectional study with 1250 OA patients attending 75 primary care practices from March to May 2005. QoL was assessed using the GERMAN-AIMS2-SF. Data about comorbidities, prescriptions, health service utilization, an...

For many years, notes Alex Piquero, youth of color have been overrepresented at every stage of the U.S. juvenile justice system. As with racial disparities in a wide variety of social indicators, the causes of these disparities are not immediately apparent. Some analysts attribute the disparities to "differential involvement"--that is, to differences in offending by minorities and whites. Other...

Ethnic minority students throughout the world have experienced disproportional school failure in education systems organized, administered, and controlled by members of the dominant group. This pattern is common to minority groups in most western countries who have been conquered, subjugated, segregated, and regarded as inherently inferior by the dominant group. Educational failure is regarded ...

PURPOSE This article presents a summary of an earlier monograph on the recruitment and retention of older ethnic minority individuals. DESIGN AND METHODS The authors provide an overview of recruitment and retention efforts made by six National Institutes of Health Office of Minority Research/National Institute on Aging-funded Centers on Minority Aging and Health Promotion. We rely on a model ...

The class imbalanced problem occurs in various disciplines when one of target classes has a tiny number of instances comparing to other classes. A typical classifier normally ignores or neglects to detect a minority class due to the small number of class instances. SMOTE is one of over-sampling techniques that remedies this situation. It generates minority instances within the overlapping regio...

This chapter chronicles the early careers of NRSA predoctoral recipients in the biomedical sciences, contrasting them with those of their Ph.D. counterparts who did not receive such support. The outcomes examined range from the time required to earn the doctorate to the number of publications authored and citations received by 1995. Of interest are those Ph.D.s who earned their degrees between ...

What are the different rhetorical approaches presidents used to address minority health inequality? More importantly, how have the efforts of presidents impacted minorities' perceptions of health? I offer a historical perspective that describes the three major periods of presidential engagement in discussions of minority health since the 1960s. I couple this historical overview with an empirica...