The risks incurred from increased exposure to UVA II (320-340 nm) (i.e. during sunscreen use and extended outdoor exposure, tanning parlors) are not well understood. Therefore, we explored the effects of UVA II on skin immune responses in humans. After a single local exposure (4 minimum erythemal dose [MED]) using a xenon are lamp filtered with a narrow bandpass filter (335 +/- 5 nm full width ...

background caesarian section is a commonplace surgery in females for which spinal anesthesia is the preferred method. the local anesthetic medications used in the surgery are often associated with complications such as nausea, vomiting, dyspnea, hypotension, and bradycardia. in the present study, we decreased the dose of the anesthetic drug and added an opioid instead. objectives we tried to fi...

Autier et al. (1) reported that sun-screen use seems to encourage longer recreational exposure to the sun. We wish to supplement their results with data on the effects of sunscreens and tanning on ultraviolet (UV)-induced DNA damage in human skin. Our data have become available through a recently developed method for measuring UV-induced DNA damage, i.e., cy-clobutane pyrimidine dimers and pyri...

This paper evaluates the relationship between the cloud modification factor (CMF) in the ultraviolet erythemal range and the cloud optical depth (COD) retrieved from the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) “cloud mode” algorithm under overcast cloudy conditions (confirmed with sky images) at Granada, Spain, mainly for non-precipitating, overcast and relatively homogenous water clouds. Empirical C...

 ABSTRACTBackground: Although Electronic Portal imaging Devices (EPIDs) have originally developed for positioning verification, they can also be used for dosimetric purposes. In the current work, the dose response of minimum detectable thickness of a Scanning Liquid filled Ion Chamber EPID, SLIC-EPID, and the variation of transmitted dose with the shift of inhomogeneity inside of phantom was al...