The general scientific consensus is that starting exercise with hypohydration >2% body mass impairs endurance performance/capacity, but most previous studies might be confounded by a lack of subject blinding. This study examined the effect of hypohydration in a single blind manner using combined oral and intragastric rehydration to manipulate hydration status. After familiarization, seven activ...

purpose: this study aimed to investigate the effect of one intensive training session on the changes of beta-endorphin and serum cortisol levels of elite wrestlers. methods: in this quasi-experimental research with one group and pretest-posttest design, 16 elite wrestlers within the age range of 18 to 25 years were purposefully and selected and they voluntarily participated in the research. the...

We assessed the effects of naloxone, an opioid antagonist, on exercise capacity in 13 men and 5 women (mean age = 30.1 yr, range = 21-35 yr) during a 25 W/min incremental cycle ergometer test to exhaustion on different days during familiarization trial and then after 30 mg (iv bolus) of naloxone or placebo (Pl) in a double-blind, crossover design. Minute ventilation (Ve), O(2) consumption (Vo(2...

Large individual differences exist in aerobic fitness in childhood and adolescence, but the relative contribution of genetic factors to this variation remains to be established. In a sample of adolescent twins and siblings (n = 479), heart rate (HR) and maximal oxygen uptake (V̇o2max) were recorded during the climax of a graded maximal exercise test. In addition, V̇o2max was predicted in two grad...

ÖZET Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether regular physical activity or acute exercise influenced plasma adrenomedullin (AM) concentration and whether it was related to gender, blood pressure and nitric oxide (NO) production. Material and Methods: Sixty healthy students participated in this study. They were divided into two groups. The first group consisted of 30 students, 1...

Exercise performance in chronic heart failure is severely impaired, due in part to a peripherally mediated limitation. In addition to impaired maximal exercise capacity, the O(2) uptake (VO(2)) response during submaximal exercise may be affected, with a greater reliance on anaerobiosis leading to early fatigue. However, the response of VO(2) kinetics to submaximal exercise in chronic heart fail...

This study examined the effects of human pregnancy and advancing gestation on the intensity of respiratory discomfort (dyspnea) during cycle exercise. Fourteen pregnant women (PG) performed a progressive cycle ergometer exercise test involving 20 W/min increases in work rate to symptom limitation and/or a heart rate of 170-175 beats/min at 19.7+/-1.2 weeks (ENTRY), 28.2+/-0.3 weeks (TM2) and 36...