Mild or moderate hypothermia is generally thought to block all changes in signaling events that are detrimental to ischemic brain, including ATP depletion, glutamate release, Ca(2+) mobilization, anoxic depolarization, free radical generation, inflammation, blood-brain barrier permeability, necrotic, and apoptotic pathways. However, the effects and mechanisms of hypothermia are, in fact, variab...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of mild hypothermia therapy (34-36°C) and the alterations of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in 20 patients with high-risk traumatic brain injury (TBI). The neurologic status and outcome were assessed using Full Outline of UnResponsiveness (FOUR) score and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). A prospective randomized control study involved patients wi...

Targeted temperature management was adopted as part of the treatment of unconscious survivors of out-ofhospital cardiac arrest following the publication of two landmark studies [1,2] which concluded that mild induced hypothermia (32°C to 34°C) improved survival and neurological outcome, substantiating the neuroprotective effect of mild hypothermia described in experimental animal data [3]. Subs...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The purpose of the present study is to determine the effect of mild hypothermia on the synthesis of ubiquitin, an important protein for maintenance of cell viability, in the hippocampal neurons following transient cerebral ischemia. METHODS Transient ischemia was induced by occluding both common carotid arteries for 5 minutes. In experiment 1, the animals were divided i...

Therapeutic hypothermia has been shown to improve survival and neurological outcome after prehospital cardiac arrest. Existing experimental and clinical evidence supports the notion that delayed cooling results in lesser benefit compared to early induction of mild hypothermia soon after return of spontaneous circulation. Therefore a practical approach would be to initiate cooling already in the...

The objective of this study was to measure outcomes and to determine the safety and effectiveness of mild induced hypothermia in children after traumatic and posthypoxic brain injury. Methods. Forty patients, following traumatic or posthypoxic brain injury, were involved in the study. Mean age was 10.7 ± 0.8 years. Median GCS (Glasgow Coma Scale) was 6.0 (4-7) and mean PIM2 (Pediatric Index of ...

hypothermia on brain tissue oxygenation in patients with severe head injury. Br J Anaesth 2002; 88: 188±92 2 Zhang S, Zhi D, Lin X, Shang Y, Niu Y. Effect of mild hypothermia on partial pressure of oxygen in brain tissue and brain temperature in patients with severe head injury. Chin J Traumatol 2002; 5: 43±5 3 Tasker RC, Sahota SK, Williams SR. Hypercarbia and mild hypothermia, only when not c...

OBJECTIVE Studies showing the effectiveness of therapeutic hypothermia (32-34°C) in postcardiac arrest patients have been criticized because of patients with elevated body temperature (>37.5°C) in the noncooled control group. Thus, the effects of spontaneous normothermia (<37.5°C) compared with mild therapeutic hypothermia were studied. DESIGN Retrospective chart review from 1991 to 2010. P...

OBJECTIVE To review human thermoregulation and the pathophysiology and management of induced and accidental hypothermia. DATA SOURCES A review of studies reported over ten years from 1990 to 2000 and identified through a MEDLINE search of the English-language literature on thermoregulation and induced and accidental hypothermia. SUMMARY OF REVIEW Hypothermia is defined as a core temperature...

Many known risk factors for adverse cardiovascular and neurological outcomes in children with congenital heart defects (CHD) are not modifiable; however, the temperature and blood flow during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), are two risk factors, which may be altered in an attempt to improve long-term neurological outcomes. Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest, traditionally used for aortic arch re...