BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE NO/prostanoid independent, EDHF-mediated hyperpolarization and dilation in rat middle cerebral arteries is mediated solely by endothelial cell IK(Ca). However, when the NO-pathway is also active, both SK(Ca) and IK(Ca) contribute to EDHF responses. As the SK(Ca) component can be inhibited by stimulation of thromboxane A(2) (TxA(2)) TP receptors and NO has the potential ab...

PURPOSE To measure mean blood flow in individual cerebral arteries (carotid, basilar, anterior cerebral, middle cerebral, and posterior cerebral) using a cine phase contrast MR pulse sequence. METHODS Ten healthy volunteers (22 to 38 years of age) were studied. The cine phase-contrast section was positioned perpendicular to the vessel of interest using oblique scanning planes. This pulse sequ...

Cerebral blood flow, arterial pulsation, and vasomotion may be important indicators of cerebrovascular health in aging and diseases of aging such as Alzheimer's disease. Noninvasive markers that assess these characteristics may be helpful in the study of co-occurrence of these diseases and potential additive and interacting effects. In this study, 4D flow MRI was used to measure intra-cranial f...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Tirilazad mesylate has been used in the attempt to prevent cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), although the actual targets of this agent in vivo have thus far been controversial. Chemiluminescence/high-performance liquid chromatography provided a new method for direct measurements of phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide (PCOOH) and phosphatidylethanolamin...

The present studies examine the hypothesis that multiple adrenergic neuroeffector mechanisms are not fully developed in fetal, compared with adult, ovine middle cerebral arteries. In arteries denuded of endothelium and pretreated with 1 μM atropine to block involvement of muscarinic receptors, 10 μM capsaicin to deplete sensory peptidergic neurons, and 10 μM nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAM...

Autonomic innervation in the cerebral arterial walls of adult male spontaneously hypertensive rats and of normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats was studied. When examined by fluorescence microscopy, dense catecholamine fluorescence was observed in anterior cerebral and middle cerebral arteries of both Wistar-Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats. However, vertebral and basilar arteries and small p...

A 37 year old woman was admitted to the department of neurosurgery because of severe headache during sexual intercourse 4 weeks earlier. Cerebral MRI showed an aneurysm of the left middle cerebral artery which had caused a subarachnoid haemorrhage. Transcranial 2 MHz duplex sonography (Logiq 500, General Electrics) disclosed an aneurysm at the ramification of the middle cerebral artery into the...

We surgically replaced the aortic root and the complex arch in a patient with aortitis syndrome with total occlusion of the cervical branches. Cerebral perfusion was being maintained through the reversed flow of the vertebral artery from the bilateral mammary arteries. Though cerebral perfusion was continued through the prosthetic grafts attached to the subclavian arteries during the procedure,...

A ctivation of leukocytes may play a part in the / \ complex pathophysiological cascade leading to A.V. vasomotor reaction in cerebral arteries. In this issue of Stroke, Akopov et al report changes in endothelium-dependent relaxation by intravascular chemical leukocyte activation involving the cerebral circulation. This interesting study highlights a potential role for leukocytes in the modulat...

Experimental Cerebral Infarction. I. Selective Segmental Occlusion of Intracranial Arteries in the Dog • 1. Cylinders of silicone rubber can be molded to any desired diameter and cut to length, yielding a highly pigmented, radio-opaque, elastic bolus suitable for intravascular injection and embolization. 2. Emboli of this type can be localized by x-ray in vivo and at post mortem for clinicopath...