Soil microbes play a key role in controlling ecosystem functions and providing ecosystem services. Yet, microbial communities in urban green space soils remain poorly characterized. Here we compared soil microbial communities in 41 urban parks of (i) divergent plant functional types (evergreen trees, deciduous trees and lawn) and (ii) different ages (constructed 10, ∼50 and >100 years ago). The...

This paper presents several very interesting diagnostics for a comprehensive process-oriented validation of CCMs and CTMs in the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UTLS) and their application to the GMI CTM. It hence is a valuable contribution to ongoing validation activities within the different communities (e.g. QUANTIFY or CCMVal). However, the presentation and discussion of some diagnost...

  Background : The development of microbial resistance to the existing anti-microbial agents has become a real challenge and a serious problem facing patients suffering from skin infections. Seeds of Nigella sativa have been used for a long time in folk medicine for the treatment of skin infections. Production of new potent agents is urgently needed, especially for hospitals and health care cen...

Bacterial tolerance to antibiotics is a well-known phenomena; however, only recent studies of bacterial biofilms have shown how multifaceted tolerance really is. By joining into a structured community and offering shared protection and gene transfer, bacterial populations can protect themselves genotypically, phenotypically and physically. In this study, we collect a line of research that focus...

The large diversity in the microorganisms explain why they are involved in many industrial microbial processes. The industrial microbial processes concern fermented food preparations, microbial cell and metabolite productions and wastes processing. They are made in fundamentally the same way with three steps: pretreatment of raw matter, microbial conversion, and product recovery. The obtaining ...

Microorganisms control key biogeochemical pathways, thus changes in microbial diversity, community structure and activity can affect ecosystem response to environmental drivers. Understanding factors that control the proportion of active microbes in the environment and how they vary when perturbed is critical to anticipating ecosystem response to global change. Increasing supplies of anthropoge...

The mammalian intestine harbors one of the largest microbial densities on Earth, necessitating the implementation of control mechanisms by which the host evaluates the state of microbial colonization and reacts to deviations from homeostasis. While microbial recognition by the innate immune system has been firmly established as an efficient means by which the host evaluates microbial presence, ...

The ability of bacteriophage and their associated polysaccharide depolymerases to control enteric biofilm formation was investigated. Bacteriophages specific for Enterobacter strains were isolated from primary effluent sewage. Combinations of three phages were required before complete eradication of single species biofilms of Enterobacter cloace occurred. Attempts to eliminate a susceptible bac...