Mites are among the most common associates of bark beetles and they can influence ecology microbial composition within beetle-colonized trees. The pinyon pine engraver, Ips confusus is a beetle in trees southwestern United States, but mite associated with this has been little studied. In study, we quantify abundance, diversity, attachment locations phoretic mites on that emerge from naturally i...

conclusions the results showed that the early relationship within the family environment supports a certain attachment style and the effects of the avoidant insecure and ambivalent insecure styles affect the interpersonal relations of the couples in adulthood. the effect of attachment styles on interpersonal relations is far greater than that of lifestyle. results the results indicate that atta...

background: according to the attachment theory, anxiety disorders due to the child and based on attachment disorders are defined. this study examined the relationship between mother's attachment style and school anxieties of mentally retarded male students.   methods: all mentally retarded male students of secondary schools during academic year of 2008-2009 in shiraz were studied (127 students)...

background & aim: mother-infant bonding and interactions after childbirth are shaped by maternal-fetal attachment during pregnancy. although many studies have shown the positive correlation between maternal-fetal attachment and mother-infant attachment behaviors, some controversial studies have shown otherwise. therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the correlation between maternal-fetal attac...

conclusions the results have shown a significant negative correlation between secure style and marital dissatisfaction. there were positive significant relationships between marital dissatisfaction and variables of insecure style, ambivalent style, difficulty in identifying emotions, and externally oriented thinking, but there was not any significant relationship between marital dissatisfaction...

Bacteria can live either as free planktonic cells in bulk solution, or as sessile cells attached to a surface. In addition to their attachment status, sessile bacteria are part of sessile communities termed biofilms. A biofilm can be defined as a microbial community attached to a solid surface composed of cells organized as microcolonies embedded in an organic polymer matrix of microbial origin...

Plastic debris pervades in our oceans and freshwater systems and the potential ecosystem-level impacts of this anthropogenic litter require urgent evaluation. Microbes readily colonize aquatic plastic debris and members of these biofilm communities are speculated to include pathogenic, toxic, invasive or plastic degrading-species. The influence of plastic-colonizing microorganisms on the fate o...

1. We determined the effects of nutrient enrichment on wood decomposition rates and microbial activity during a 3-year study in two headwater streams at Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, NC, U.S.A. After a 1-year pretreatment period, one of the streams was continuously enriched with inorganic nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) for 2 years while the other stream served as a reference. We determine...