Precise manipulation of single molecules has already led to remarkable insights in physics, chemistry, biology, and medicine. However, widespread adoption of single-molecule techniques has been impeded by equipment cost and the laborious nature of making measurements one molecule at a time. We have solved these issues by developing an approach that enables massively parallel single-molecule for...

This review discloses the technological advances involving enzyme-based amperometric biosensors engaging challenging limits of detection as low a single molecule. At first, we summarise most recent findings concerning electrode modification toward enhancement enzyme loading accomplished mainly through deposition nanomaterials. The increase electron transfer (ET) rate is mostly based on site-spe...

Understanding the interactions between varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and host cells can be addressed by using small molecule inhibitors of cellular enzymes. Roscovitine (Rosco) is a purine derivative that inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (cdk1), cdk2, cdk5, cdk7, and cdk9, which are key regulators of the cell cycle and transcription. Herpesviruses are known to interact with cell cycle proteins...

In this study, a novel and simple dual-phase solvent system for the improvement of extraction capability of magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) beads in aqueous sample was proposed. The method integrated MIP extraction and micro-liquid-liquid extraction (micro-LLE) into only one step. A magnetic MIP beads using atrazine as template was synthesized, and was applied to aqueous media by a...

the electronic absorption spectral line shape of a diatomic molecule with harmonic potential curves is calculated using the time correlation function formalism. both the equilibrium shift and the frequency shift of the two linking electronic states ate taken into account. the spectrum is also calculated using the cumulated expansion which is related to the correlation function of the time-depen...

the purpose of this paper is to introduce the concept of l-fuzzybilinear operators. we obtain a decomposition theorem for l-fuzzy bilinearoperators and then prove that a l-fuzzy bilinear operator is the same as apowerset operator for the variable-basis introduced by s.e.rodabaugh (1991).finally we discuss the continuity of l-fuzzy bilinear operators.

Animals defend themselves against invading pathogenic micro-organisms by utilizing cationic anti-microbial peptides, which rapidly kill various micro-organisms without exerting toxicity against the host. Physicochemical peptide-lipid interactions provide attractive mechanisms for innate immunity. Many of these peptides form amphipathic secondary structures (alpha-helices and beta-sheets) which ...