Epitaxial transparent oxide NixMg1-xO (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) thin films were grown on MgO(100) substrates by pulsed laser deposition. High-resolution synchrotron X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis indicate that the thin films are compositionally and structurally homogeneous, forming a completely miscible solid solution. Nevertheless, the composition dependence ...

turner syndrome is a sex-chromosome disorder occurring in one out of 2500 female births and characterized by growth retardation, gonadal dysgenesis and cardiovascular anomalies. the 45, xo karyotype is the most frequent type of this disease. herein, we report on a 6-year-old girl with turner syndrome and 45, xo karyotype presenting with short stature. she had dextrocardia and hiatal hernia. to ...

Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by microbial ligands or tissue damage requires intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We present evidence that macrophage secretion of IL1β upon stimulation with ATP, crystals or LPS is mediated by a rapid increase in the activity of xanthine oxidase (XO), the oxidized form of xanthine dehydrogenase, resulting in the formation of uric aci...

Let A be an n× n essentially nonnegative matrix and consider the linear differential system ẋ(t) = Ax(t), t ≥ 0. We show that there exists a constant h(A) > 0 such that the trajectory emanating from xo reaches R + at a finite time to = t(xo) ≥ 0 if and only if the sequence of points generated by a finite differences approximation from xo, with time–step 0 < h < h(A), reaches R + at a finite ind...

Reactive oxygen species are generated by various systems, including NADPH oxidases, xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) and mitochondrial respiratory enzymes, and contribute to many physiological and pathological phenomena. Mammalian xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) can be converted to xanthine oxidase (XO), which produces both superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide in a molar ratio of about 1:3, dependi...

Radiation exposure is associated with the development of various cardiovascular diseases. Although irradiation is known to cause elevated oxidant stress and chronic inflammation, both of which are detrimental to vascular function, the molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. We previously demonstrated that radiation causes endothelial dysfunction and increased vascular stiffness by ...

Oxidative stress has been recognized as an important factor in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. It has been reported that the expression of xanthine oxidase (XO) in the cytotrophoblast and plasma hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) level are significantly higher in preeclamptics than in control women. The aim of this study was to clarify the biological influence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) pr...

Recall that y = [yA; yO] and X = [XA;XO] with yA = XAβ∗ + e, and Λ∗ is the true support. The adversary fixes some set Λ̂ disjoint from the true support Λ∗ with |Λ̂| = |Λ∗|. It then chooses β̂ and yO such that β̂Λ̂ = β ∗ Λ∗ β̂Λ̂c = 0, and y O = XOβ̂ with XO to be determined later. By assumption we have h(β̂) = h(β∗) ≤ R, so β̂ is feasible. Its objective value is f(y − Xβ̂) = f([yA − XA Λ̂ β∗ Λ∗ ; 0]) ≤ C fo...

Squeak Etoys is a free software program and media-rich authoring system with a user-friendly visual interface. The software is designed to help six to twelve year-old students learn through interaction and collaboration, and comes preinstalled on XO laptop computers. The goal of the One Laptop Per Child initiative is to create novel educational opportunities for the world’s children by providin...

Calculation of large complex systems remains to be a great challenge, where there is always a trade-off between accuracy and efficiency. Recently, we proposed the extended our own n-layered integrated molecular orbital (ONIOM) method (XO) (Guo, Wu, Xu, Chem. Phys. Lett. 2010, 498, 203) which surmounts some inherited limitations of the popular ONIOM method by introducing the inclusion-exclusion ...