15 16 The thiol-containing tripeptide glutathione is an important cellular constituent of many 17 eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. In addition to its disulfide reductase activity, 18 glutathione is known to protect cells from many forms of physiological stress. This 19 report represents the first investigation into the role of glutathione in the Gram-positive 20 pathogen, Streptococcus pneumon...

There is growing evidence that micronutrient intake has a significant effect on the toxicity and carcinogenesis caused by various chemicals. This paper examines the effect of micronutrient status on the toxicity of four nonessential metals: cadmium, lead, mercury, and arsenic. Unfortunately, few studies have directly examined the effect of dietary deficiency or supplementation on metal toxicity...

Plants endure a variety of abiotic and biotic stresses, all of which cause major limitations to production. Among abiotic stressors, heavy metal contamination represents a global environmental problem endangering humans, animals, and plants. Exposure to heavy metals has been documented to induce changes in the expression of plant proteins. Proteins are macromolecules directly responsible for mo...

The type of lung disease caused by metal compounds depends on the nature of the offending agent, its physicochemical form, the dose, exposure conditions and host factors. The fumes or gaseous forms of several metals, e.g. cadmium (Cd), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), nickel carbonyl (Nl(CO)4, zinc chloride (ZnCl2), vanadium pentoxide (V2O5), may lead to acute chemical pneumonitis and pulmonary oe...

Keywords---Iron, Copper, Cadmium, Chromium, Mercury, Nickel, Vanadium, Lead, Zinc, Free radicals, Oxidative stress, Redox cycling, Glutathione depletion, Lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, Stress proteins