We have demonstrated a new planar edge defined alternate layer (PEDAL) process to make sub-25 nm nanowires across the whole wafer. The PEDAL process is useful in the fabrication of metal nanowires directly onto the wafer by shadow metallization and has the ability to fabricate sub-10 nm nanowires with 20 nm pitch. The process can also be used to make templates for the nano-imprinting with which...

The authors measured prevalence of byssinosis in spinning and textile workers of Karachi, Pakistan, and examined association of the disease with demographic and environmental factors. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in 3 spinning and textile mills and 3 colonies inhabited by spinning and textile workers. A precoded questionnaire was administered to the workers and followed by physica...

As power systems integrate more intermittent renewable generation, and as extreme weather events become more frequent with climate change, power systems are likely to require increasing amounts of spinning reserves in order to maintain reliable operation. While traditionally spinning reserves have been supplied by generators, demand-side resources can also provide reserves by increasing or decr...

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the influence of awareness of the Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top on eating behavior and obesity in Japan. Participants were 1,558 Japanese male and female adults (40.2±12.2 years) who had been registered with a social research company. The cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted via the Internet in November 2007. Potential respond...

We investigate the rheological properties of microliter quantities of the spinning material extracted ex vivo from the major ampullate gland of a Nephila clavipes spider using two new micro-rheometric devices. A sliding plate micro-rheometer is employed to measure the steady-state shear viscosity of approximately 1 microl samples of silk dope from individual biological specimens. The steady she...

In this paper we demonstrate, using a fabrication technique, liquid-phase photopolymerization (LP3) for the relatively fast and low-cost integration of thick polymers and electroformed metal microstructures to develop a range of microfluidic components and systems. Liquid-phase UV-photosensitive polymers, similar to negative-tone photoresists, are used to create both polymer microstructures and...

The biocompatible surface modification of metal oxide nanoparticles via surface functionalization technique has been used as an important tool in nanotechnology and medicine. In this report, we have prepared aqueous dispersible, trivalent metal ion (samarium)-doped cerium oxide nanoparticles (SmCNPs) as model redox altered CNPs of biological relevance. SmCNP surface modified with hydrophilic bi...

Using the Teukolsky and Sasaki-Nakamura formalisms for the perterbations around a Kerr black hole, we calculate the energy flux of gravitational waves induced by a spinning particle of mass μ and spin S moving in circular orbits near the equatorial plain of a rotating black hole of mass M( μ) and spin Ma. The calculations are performed by using the recently developed post-Newtonian expansion te...