Related commodity markets have two characteristics: (i) they may follow similar volatility processes; and (ii) such markets are frequently represented by a market aggregate or index. Indices are used to represent the performance and time series properties of a group of markets. An important issue regarding the time series properties of an index is how it reflects the time series properties of i...

We investigated which factors govern the critical steps of cation exchange in metal-organic frameworks by studying the effect of various solvents on the insertion of Ni(2+) into MOF-5 and Co(2+) into MFU-4l. After plotting the extent of cation insertion versus different solvent parameters, trends emerge that offer insight into the exchange processes for both systems. This approach establishes a...

Transition metals function as cofactors in specific proteins, catalyzing electron exchange reactions, binding substrates and stabilizing protein structure. Studies of human diseases and of model organisms have defined many of the molecular details of metal uptake, trafficking, and excretion. The current challenge is to integrate these details into a systematic view of metal content, speciation,...

The switching of magnetic layers is studied under the action of a spin current in a ferromagnetic metal– nonmagnetic metal–ferromagnetic metal spin valve. We find that the main contribution to the switching comes from the nonequilibrium exchange interaction between the ferromagnetic layers. This interaction defines the magnetic configuration of the layers with minimum energy and establishes the...

The radiation-chemicalreduction of TlC, Co2C and Ni2C ions in water-in-oilmicroemulsion has been described. Rate constants for the reduction of the metal ions by eaq were found to be much lower compared to those in aqueous solution. The absorption spectrum and the rate constants of formation of the transient intermediates of metal clusters were correlated with the water-pool size, surrounding e...

Incorporation of layers of noble metals in non-van der Waals layered materials may be used to form novel layered compounds. Recently, we demonstrated a high-temperature-induced exchange process of Au with Si in the layered phase Ti3SiC2, resulting in the formation of Ti3AuC2 and Ti3Au2C2. Here, we generalize this technique showing that Au/Ti2AlC and Au/Ti3AlC2 undergo an exchange reaction at 65...

Recent syntheses of ruthenium complexes of [2.2]paracyclophane provided a highly interesting class of compounds, the multilayered transition metal complexes of cyclophanes. The present study discloses that arene-metal exchange procedures with ferrocene derivatives, effected either photochemically or by Lewis acid catalysis, are convenient methods for preparing the analogous multilayered iron co...

Increasing the temperature at which molecules behave as single-molecule magnets is a serious challenge in molecular magnetism. One of the ways to address this problem is to create the molecules with strongly coupled lanthanide ions. In this work, endohedral metallofullerenes Y2@C80 and Dy2@C80 are obtained in the form of air-stable benzyl monoadducts. Both feature an unpaired electron trapped b...

The interactions of two-dimensional vanadium oxide and molybdenum oxide overlayers with the surface hydroxyls of an alumina support were examined with 'H MAS NMR spectroscopy. The measurements demonstrated that these surface metal oxide overlayers are homogeneously distributed over the alumina surface and essentially titrate all the accessible surface hydroxyls at monolayer coverage. The invest...

The metal mesostructured Pt/Sn/Se chalcogenides with cubic MCM-48 type pore symmetry are found to be surprisingly stable in concentrated oxidizing acids. Their metal chalcogenide framework exhibits high flexibility during reversible proton exchange as it expands and contracts in an apparent breathing-like action.