A number of approaches to Automatic MT Evaluation based on deep linguistic knowledge have been suggested. However, n-gram based metrics are still today the dominant approach. The main reason is that the advantages of employing deeper linguistic information have not been clarified yet. In this work, we propose a novel approach for meta-evaluation of MT evaluation metrics, since correlation coffi...

Conversational feedback is mostly performed through short utterances such as yeah, mhmm, okay not produced by the main speaker but by one of the other participants of a conversation. Such utterances are among the most frequent in conversational data. They also have been described in psycho-linguistic models of communication as a crucial communicative tool for achieving coordination or alignment...

This article is concerned with the question as to whether the components of grammar (syntax, semantics and phonology) have a similar architecture. I provide a modest historical background to the recurrent discussion about the parallelisms between syntax and phonology within Generative Grammar and mention some ‘meta-patterns’, i.e., shared properties of linguistic structures in different modules...

The notion of communicative competence has been deemed fuzzy in communication studies. This fuzziness has led to tensions among engineers across tenures in interpreting what constitutes communicative competence. The study seeks to investigate novice and professional engineers’ understanding of the said notion in terms of two main elements of communicative competence: linguistic and rhetorical c...

This paper discusses the task of formulating a model of linguistic performance and proposes an approach toward this goal that is oriented toward an embodiment of the model as a digital-computer program. The methodology of current linguistic theory is criticized for several of its features that render it inapplicable to a realistic model of performance, and remedies for these deficiencies are pr...

The paper describes a method of identifying a set of interesting constructions in a syntactically annotated corpus of Czech – the Prague Dependency Treebank – by application of an automatic procedure of analysis by reduction to the trees in the treebank. The procedure clearly reveals certain linguistic phenomena that go beyond ‘dependency nature’ (and thus generally pose a problem for dependenc...

We support exible query processing with autonomous networked information sources. Flexibility allows a query to be accepted in a dynamic environment with unavailable sources. Flexibility provides the ability to identify equivalent sources, based on their contents; these equivalences are used to eliminate redundancy and provide alternate query plans, when some source is unavailable. We determine...

This work describes the implementation of a meta-modeling approach to morphologically marked tense and aspect within the LinGO Grammar Matrix customization system. The Matrix customization system creates a small hpsg grammar for a language based on answers to questions about particular linguistic phenomena. In the original system, these answers indicated a choice of pre-determined analyses of t...

Background Previous meta-analyses have shown that feedback targeting text comprehension given when students perform a reading task positively influences learning from text. So far, differences in the effects of were explained by design features, such as timing and richness feedback. In present study, we aim to investigate cognitive affective processes might be triggered comprehension. Method Tw...

Most group decision making (GDM) problems based on linguistic approaches use symmetrically and uniformly distributed linguistic term sets to express experts’ opinions. However, there exist problems whose assessments need to be represented by means of unbalanced linguistic term sets, i.e. using term sets that are not uniformly and symmetrically distributed. The aim of this paper is to present a ...