This study explored the nature of transfer among bilingual vs. trilinguals with varying levels of competence in English and their previous languages. The hypotheses were tested in writing tasks designed for 75 high (N= 35) vs. intermediate (N=40) proficient EFL learners with Turkish, Persian, English and Persian, English linguistic backgrounds. Qualitative data were also collected through some ...

Development of robust spoken language technology ideally relies on the availability of large amounts of data preferably in the target domain and language. However, more often than not, speech developers need to cope with very little or no data, typically obtained from a different target domain. This paper focuses on developing techniques towards addressing this challenge. Specifically we consid...

INTRODUCTION Tinnitus is a common otologic symptom that can seriously affect a patient's quality of life. The purpose of the present study was to translate and validate the Iowa Tinnitus Handicap Questionnaire (THQ) into the Persian language, and to make it applicable as a tool for determining the effects of tinnitus on a patient's life. MATERIALS AND METHODS The main version of the THQ was t...

one of the major sources of psychology in the field of teaching english as foreign language in iranian universities is a book named the psychology of the language learner: individual differences in second language acquisition written by zoltan dornyei. the book was first published in 2005 and was later revised in 2015 and published by routledge. this study thus aims to analyze this book critica...

This study was a contrastive analysis of the evolution of English and Persian advertising slogans to investigate their similarities/differences in using rhetorical figures, and the evolution in the use of these figures in the slogans of each language. Thus, 800 Persian and English slogans from the last four decades were collected. Lapsanka's framework (2006) including different aspects with som...

The Persian language is one of the dominant languages in the Middle East, so there are significant amount of Persian documents available on the Web. Due to the special and different nature of the Persian language compared to other languages like English, the design of information retrieval systems in Persian requires special considerations. However, there are relatively few studies on retrieval...

background: since most clinical treatments of persian children’s language impairments are based on either the therapist, clinicians’ experiences (mostly), or english language norms (sometimes), comparing two minor indices of speech quality, namely “mean length of utterance” (mlu) and “mean length of five phrasal utterances” (mlfpu) between different age groups of children, would be unequivocall...

the major aim of this study was to examine and analyze english language teaching in kindergartens. to this end, 22 kindergartens were selected in mashhad. they were observed and teachers were interviewed. the results demonstrate that these kindergartens lack sufficient room and facilities to meet learners needs, they lack any comprehensive teaching curriculum. teachers are not highly qualified,...