Introduction: Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is an uncommon neoplasm originating from parafollicular C cells. Distant metastasis in MTC, such as axillary node involvement, is extremely rare.  Case Report: The present study describes a known case of MTC with axillary lymph node metastasis in a 31-year-old woman. In 2010, she underwent total thyroidectomy and right-sided modified radical neck dis...

Activation of 5-HT1A receptors in the medullary raphé decreases sympathetically mediated brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis and peripheral vasoconstriction when previously activated with leptin, LPS, prostaglandins, or cooling. It is not known whether shivering is also modulated by medullary raphé 5-HT1A receptors. We previously showed in conscious piglets that activation of 5-HT1A recept...

Analysing osteolytic and osteoblastic bone lesions in systematically affected skeletons, e.g. in multiple myeloma or bone metastasis, is a complex task. Quantification of the degree of bone destruction needs segmentation of all lesions but cannot be managed manually. Automatic bone lesion detection is necessary. Our future objective is comparing modified bones with healthy shape models. For app...

CONTEXT Distinction of medullary carcinoma of the large intestine from other cytokeratin (CK) 7⁻/CK20⁻ carcinomas can be challenging when working on a tumor of unknown primary because the majority of medullary carcinomas are negative for CK7, CK20, and CDX2. OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression of cadherin-17 and SATB-2 and other markers in medullary carcinomas of the large intestine and c...

Medullary disorders can be associated with a sleep apnea syndrome. The present patient developed a sleep apnea syndrome with approximately 25 episodes of apnea or hypopnea during each hour of sleep following a lateral medullary infarction. The presence of predisposing factors and involvement of respiratory centers in the area of the medullary lesion may determine the appearance of sleep apnea w...

It has long been known that stimulation of the medial medulla in the decerebrate animal produces bilateral inhibition of muscle tone. In the present study we have found that transection of the brainstem at the ponto-medullary junction attenuates this inhibition. An interaction between medullary and rostal brainstem systems is responsible for the medullary inhibition phenomenon. A similar intera...

Tanaka, Mutsumi, and Robin M. McAllen. A subsidiary fever center in the medullary raphé? Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 289: R1592–R1598, 2005. First published June 23, 2005; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00141.2005.—In fever, as in normal thermoregulation, signals from the preoptic area drive both cutaneous vasoconstriction and thermogenesis by brown adipose tissue (BAT). Both of these responses...

Hypercalcitoninemia has frequently been reported as a marker for medullary thyroid carcinoma. Currently, calcitonin measurements are mostly useful in the evaluation of tumor size and progression, and as an index of biochemical improvement of medullary thyroid carcinomas. Although measurement of calcitonin is a highly sensitive method for the detection of medullary thyroid carcinoma, it presents...