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The nature of the surface of Venus is one of the keys to answering fundamental questions about the origin and evolution of the terrestrial planets and is of critical significance to comparative planetology. The last 25 years of solar system exploration have provided unprecedented views of the Earth, Moon, Mars, and Mercury. These views have shown that the smaller terrestrial planetary bodies (t...

Insidious hazards that affect humans and other living creatures are addressed in this review. Debilitation and disease that may arise from naturally occurring gases, minerals, and elements create problems with characteristics that inhibit progress toward adequate and immediate solutions: (a) Human or animal reactions are delayed, not detected until long after the original exposure; (b) sporadic...

Background: Three groups of factors related to topography, geology and hydrology have influence on the triggering of shallow landslides in soil material. In this paper a single representative factor (T-factor) for the topography is proposed, which can be used to define threshold values for the possibility of shallow soil slides. This study was carried out in the Dayi area, Guizhou Province, Chi...

a Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510301, China b Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA c Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA d Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77...

As a child, one of Norbert Perrimon’s first introductions to the scientific method came from his father. Perrimon’s father was interested in geology. “Often we would go to various areas in Normandy, where I grew up, and collect different types of soils, rocks, and fossils. I always found it quite interesting to see how from the collection of different bits and pieces, you could draw complex geo...

Even though molecular clocks vary in rate to some extent, they are widely used and very important in a range of evolutionary studies, not least in interpreting cause and colonization in phylogeography. Evolutionists may use island age and emergence to give the earliest possible date for colonization by a species and hence give the lower limit in a molecular clock calibration. The geology of the...

Due to the convenient transportation and construction, cities are prone to be situated in areas with flat terrain and unstable sediments, resulting in the concurrence of ground subsidence and urbanization. Here the interaction between geology, anthropogenic processes and ground subsidence geo-hazards were investigated in the Greater Pearl River Delta region of China. Geological evidences and 20...