BACKGROUND Caring for someone with Alzheimer's disease (AD) is very challenging. Social support may play a crucial role in helping caregivers to adapt better to their caregiving role. The aim of this study is to explore the role of social support as a moderator variable of the relationship between depression and life satisfaction in caregivers for patients with AD in Saudi Arabia. METHODS In ...

BACKGROUND Mediation is an important issue considered in the behavioral, medical, and social sciences. It addresses situations where the effect of a predictor variable X on an outcome variable Y is explained to some extent by an intervening, mediator variable M. Methods for addressing mediation have been available for some time. While these methods continue to undergo refinement, the relationsh...

Background: The effectiveness of treatment for people with substance use disorders is usually examined using longitudinal cohorts. In these studies, treatment is often considered as a time-varying exposure. The aim of this commentary is to examine confounding in this context, when the confounding variable is time-invariant and when it is time-varying. Method: Types of confounding are described ...

Network data envelopment analysis models assess efficiency of decision-making unit and its sections using historical data but fail to measure efficiency of its units and their internal stages in the future. In this paper we aim to measure efficiency of stages of bank branches and obtain efficiency trend of stages during the time, then to estimate their efficiency in the future therefore we can ...

Mediation models figure out how an effect occurred by hypothesizing a causal sequence. For a simple mediation model, a causal sequence is described in which an independent variable causes the mediator which sequentially causes the dependent variable. In this article, we tried to introduce to use standardized regression coefficient to the involving the simple mediation model since a standardized...

Research findings suggest that the family context and communication patterns have high correlation with adolescent’s mental health indicators such as anxiety. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the mediator role of coping strategies in relation between family communication patterns and students social anxiety. 140 students of Shiraz guidance schools were studied they completed th...