OBJECTIVE The relationship between extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) and multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (MDR-GNB) is unclear. Identification of the relationship between XDR-TB and MDR-GNB would have important implications for patient care. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study reviewing the records of patients admitted with a confirmed pulmonary TB from 2011 to ...

Treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is extremely challenging due to the virulence of the etiologic strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), the aberrant host immune responses and the diminishing treatment options with TB drugs. New treatment regimens incorporating therapeutics targeting both M. tb and host factors are urgently needed to improve the clinical management o...

BACKGROUND One of the main goals of the post-2015 global tuberculosis (TB) strategy is that no families affected by TB face catastrophic costs. We revised an existing TB patient cost measurement tool to specifically also measure multi-drug resistant (MDR) TB patients' costs and applied it in Ethiopia, Indonesia and Kazakhstan. METHODS Through structured interviews with TB and MDR-TB patients ...

Close contacts with infectious tuberculosis (TB) are persons at high risk for developing active disease. We preliminarily introduced submillisievert chest computed tomography (CT) scan (effective dose, 0.19-0.25 millisievert) in a contact investigation of multi-drug resistant (MDR)-TB. Baseline CT scan showed minimal nodules or branching opacities in two of six contacts. A two-month follow-up e...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES The prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is increasing throughout the world. Although previous treatment for TB is the most important risk factor for development of MDR-TB, treatment-naοve patients are also at risk due to either spontaneous mutations or transmission of drug-resistant strains. We sought to ascertain the prevalence of MDR-TB among new ca...

Despite progress made in tuberculosis control worldwide, the disease burden and treatment outcome of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients have remained virtually unchanged. In 2016, the World Health Organization released new guidelines for the management of MDR-TB. The guidelines are intended to improve detection rate and treatment outcome for MDR-TB through novel, rapid molecular...

BACKGROUND Information on treatment outcomes among hospitalized patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) are scarce in China. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We conducted this retrospective study to analyze the characteristics and treatment outcomes in MDR- and XDR-TB patients in the 309 Hospital in Beijing, China during 1996-...

INTRODUCTION The emergence of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has become a major public health concern that threatens advances made in global TB control efforts. Though the problem is prevalent, it did not receive major attention to generate supportive evidence for the prevention and control of MDR-TB. The aim of this study was to identify predictors of MDR-TB in a national TB referr...

To the Editor: Over the past decade, the proportion of pulmonary multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) cases among Singapore-born patients remained low, whereas that among foreign-born patients was 10 times higher (1,2). Since 2005, Singapore has experienced a sharp increase in the number of MDR TB cases from high-prevalence countries (3). We report local transmission of MDR TB in 2011, fro...