Vibrio cholerae is both an inhabitant of estuarine environments and the etiologic agent of the diarrheal disease cholera. Previous work has demonstrated that V. cholerae forms both an exopolysaccharide-dependent biofilm and a Ca2+-dependent biofilm. In this work, we demonstrate a role for the O-antigen polysaccharide of V. cholerae in Ca2+-dependent biofilm development in model and true sea wat...

BACKGROUND Marine snow (small amorphous aggregates with colloidal properties) is present in all oceans of the world. Surface water warming and the consequent increase of water column stability can favour the coalescence of marine snow into marine mucilage, large marine aggregates representing an ephemeral and extreme habitat. Marine mucilage characterize aquatic systems with altered environment...

There is increasing evidence that environmental degradation may be contributing to an increase in marine-related diseases across a wide range of taxonomic groups. This includes a growing number of reports of both recreational and occupational users of marine waters developing gastrointestinal, respiratory, dermatologic, and ear, nose, and throat infections. The duration and type of exposure, co...

Species of Flavobacterium are abundant in marine environments, occurring in sea water and sediments as well as in the slime and feces of various fish. The activity of flavobacteria in fish spoilage is not uncommon (Castell and Mapplebeck, 1952). Other than the studies of these latter workers, only the investigations of MacLeod and his associates (MacLeod et al., 1954, 1958) deal, to any extent,...

marine environment of the caspian sea, due to extensive human exploitation and discharge of large magnitudes of urban, industrial and agricultural waste, is under extensive pressure. nutrients such as phosphate and nitrate, and other human wastes are introduced into the caspian sea by river inflows and by direct waste dumping threatening marine life and eco system of the sea. high concentration...

Organic matter represents an important fraction of the fine particle aerosol, yet our knowledge of the roles of organics in the activation of aerosol particles into cloud droplets is poor. A cloud condensation nucleus (CCN) counter is used to examine the relative growth rates of cloud droplets for case studies from field measurements on the 5 North Pacific Ocean and in a coniferous forest. A mo...

Title of thesis: ACCLIMATION OF MARINE MACROPHYTES (SACCHARINA LATISSIMA AND ZOSTERA MARINA) TO WATER FLOW Terry Jordan, Master of Science, 2008 Thesis directed by: Dr. Evamaria Koch I examined the physiological response of two marine macrophytes, the brown alga Saccharina latissima and the angiosperm Zostera marina, to water flow in nature and in controlled experiments. Limitation of photosynt...

Untreated sewage has adversely affected the quality of marine recreational waters worldwide. Exposure to marine recreational water with poor microbial quality may pose a threat to bathers. The objectives of this study were to assess the effect of physicochemical parameters on Cryptosporidium and Giardia presence in marine recreational water of Sinaloa, Mexico, by Logistic Regression Analyses. T...

STRONG evidence has been brought forward (Kitching, 1934, 1936 a) to show that in euryhaline marine peritrich ciliates the contractile vacuole prevents excessive swelling of the body when the organism is placed in dilute sea water. From this it has been inferred (Kitching, 1936 a, p. 24; and 1937) that in fresh-water Protozoa the contractile vacuole normally controls the body volume. In order t...

Global climate change is expected to severely impact Arctic ecosystems, yet predictions of impacts are complicated by region-specific patterns and nonuniform trends. Twentyfour open-water overwintering areas (or "microhabitats") were identified to be of particular importance for eight seabird and marine mammal species in the eastern Canadian High Arctic and Baffin Bay. Localized trends in the a...