background: organic nitrates relax all kinds of smooth muscle , not only vascular smooth muscle , a fact that has allowed the use of these drugs to treat many different aliments. objective.-the purpuse of this study was to examine prosepectively benefical effects , if any, of sublingual nitroglycerin on the pain of renal colic. design.- prospective , randomised , double blind, placebo- contoled...

abstract: research purpose: the purpose of this research is to identify academic databases assessment factors and criteria at law and political science majors. the necessity of this research is to distinguish academic databases assessment factors and criteria and to identify the most important ones and rank them in order to select an appropriate database according to students’ and faculty memb...

the importance of writing as a complex skill in applied linguistics has drawn the attention of many researchers to evaluate textbooks in order to help learners gain self-sufficiency and autonomy in the field of language use and communication. investigations have shown that developments in textbooks evaluation can promote the quality of pedagogies and consequently the learning. this study attemp...

the present study set out (a) to examine the categories of pedagogical knowledge related to the act of teaching of novice and experienced teachers as gleaned from their verbal report of what they were thinking about while teaching and (b) to compare the categories of pedagogical knowledge of novice and experienced teachers. the aim of comparing these two groups of teachers was to see whether di...

the issue of curriculum and syllabus evaluation and revision has been in center of attention right from when curriculum came into attention of educational institutions. thus everywhere in the world in educational institutions curricula and syllabi are evaluated and revised based on the goals, the needs, existing content, etc.. in iran any curriculum is designed in a committee of specialists and...

the purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between fear of negative evaluation (fne) and communication strategies (css) among iranian efl learners. it was aimed to examine the differences in the use of communication strategies between speakers with high or low degree of fear of negative evaluation. the current study was a case study consisting of 10 english learners at...

در این مقاله، همبستگی بین اُزن کلی (Total ozone) و ارتفاع ژئوپتانسیلی (Meteorological parameters) و دمای جوٌ بالا (Upper air) برای سه ایستگاه تهران، آنکارا و بت داگان (Bet Dagan) واقع در منطقه خاورمیانه در دوره سه ماه سرد ژانویه، فوریه و مارس در سال‌های 2005 ، 2007 و 2008 بررسی شده است. داده‌های جوٌ بالا مربوط به دانشگاه وایومینگ و داده‌های اُزن مربوط به داده‌های ماهواره است. نتایج بررسی ضرایب ه...