this article is a sociological analysis of students political participation and the data are collected through questionnaires from 379 students of university of tehran. this article has used the theories of huntington, geol, milbrath, lipset and political socialization theories. the theoretical framework of the study is eclectic and emphasizes on political socialization. the results of the anal...

background: smoking is a well‑known public health problem in women as well as men. in many countries including iran, there is an increase in tobacco use among women. exploring the experience of smoking by educated women in order to develop effective tobacco prevention programs in these women is necessary. this study aimed to explore the experiences of smoking among iranian educated women. metho...

According to sociologists, socialization is defined as coordination of an individual with social values, norms and insights. Political socialization is one of the fundamental and important concepts in the social science, today. Political socialization is a process through which an individual gets acquainted with his responsibilities, rights and political roles in the society. During this proces...

Through acculturation and socialization, caring involves both gendered and socially diverse patterns of understanding and behaving in the world. As a result, the implications for care are embedded in the personal and social values and experiences associated with gender, power, and politics. The general ethos of this paper will explore a feminist care ethic that emerged from the work of Carol Gi...

In the traditionally patriarchal Hollywood industry, the heterosexual man’s “male gaze,” as coined by feminist film theorist Laura Mulvey, is the dominant viewing model for cinematic audiences, leaving little room for a negotiated reading of how visual images are created, presented, and internalized by male and female audiences alike. However, as Hollywood’s shifting feminist landscape becomes ...

This article focuses on the socialization of children and youth with respect to gender and sexuality, from a socio-anthropological perspective. The work is based on ethnographic research in a group of 5-14-year-old boys and girls in a community in Baia de Todos os Santos, Bahia, Brazil. Despite the strong influence of family and school in primary socialization, the children reproduced and re-el...

A review of recent research (1988 to 1998) on gender differences in environmental attitudes and behaviors found that, contrary to past inconsistencies, a clearer picture has emerged: Women report stronger environmental attitudes and behaviors than men. Additional evidence of gender differences in environmental attitudes and behaviors was also supported across age (Study 1) and across 14 countri...

one of the evolutions in tort law is the colectivisation of civil liability. in the past, civil liability was collective and the effects of the person guilty haven imposed on the all members of family. then with developing of civilizations and with appearance of principle of personal liability, the collective liability has been changed to personal liability. but nowadays according to the opinio...

Given the omnipresent role of gender in children's and adolescents' development, it seems necessary to better understand how gender affects the process of emotion socialization. In this introductory chapter, the authors discuss the overarching themes and key concepts discussed in this volume, as well as outline the distinct contribution of each individual chapter. Each chapter within this volum...