The underlying pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnea is beginning to be unraveled better in recent years. Mandibular hypoplasia is now considered to be a significant reason for this disorder. Mandibular hypoplasia can result from a variety of causes including congenital like, mandibulofacial dysostosis, and acquired conditions like TMJ ankylosis. The use of distraction osteogenesis for the...

inherited facial palsy without involvement of other cranial nerves or facial and limb anomalies has been reported rarely in the literature. in the classic mobius syndrome, as a syndrome of rhombencephalic development, in addition to facial palsy, there are bilateral or unilateral abducens palsy, dysmorphic facial features, and limb anomalies. we found 11 patients with isolated facial palsy in f...

INTRODUCTION Restless legs syndrome is a sensorimotor neurological disorder characterized by an urge to move the legs in response to uncomfortable leg sensations. While asleep, 70 to 90 percent of patients with restless legs syndrome have periodic limb movements in sleep. Frequent periodic limb movements in sleep and related brain arousals as documented by polysomnography are associated with po...

The classical description of this syndrome of upper limb abnormalities and congenital heart lesions was by Holt and Oram in 1960.1 They were from King's College Hospital in London and reported a four generation family with nine affected subjects. Many other families were then recognised to have the same condition, which led to a series of reports in the early 1960s. The names atriodigital dyspl...

Al-Awadi/Raas-Rothschild (AARR) syndrome is a rare phocomelia syndrome characterized by limb/pelvic hypoplasia/aplasia, renal anomalies such as horseshoe and polycystic kidney, and abnormal facial features including cleft palate, hypertelorism and micro-retrognatia. Autosomal recessive inheritance has been proposed for AARR syndrome. In this report a boy affected with AARR syndrome is presented...

Despite being different conditions, complex regional pain syndrome type 1, phantom limb pain and stroke share some potentially important similarities. This report examines experimental and clinical findings from each patient population. It identifies common aspects of symptomatic presentation, sensory phenomena and patterns of cortical reorganization. Based on these common findings, we argue th...

ellis-van creveld sydrome (chondroectodermal dysplasia) is a hereditary form of short limb disproportionate dwarfism characterized by diffuse involvement of skeletal system and visceral organs. two brothers affected by this syndrome are presented here following a brief account of the disease's manifestations.

Skogsbergiella tetrathrix sp. nov. and S. species A, species of the family Cylindroleberididae are described from the Drake Passage (59°21.97´S - 60°4.27´W to 59°22.55´S - 60°4.01´W, depth 2372-2380 m) and Weddell Sea  (75°49.9´S-27°31.7´W to 74°51.55´S-27°40.3´W, depth 467-475m) respectively. Skogsbergiella tetrathrix sp.nov. is very close to S. macrothrix Kornicker, 1975 but differs by greate...

OBJECTIVE We sought to define the significance of brachial amyotrophic diplegia (flail arm syndrome [FA]) and the pseudopolyneuritic variant (flail leg syndrome [FL]) of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS; motor neuron disease). METHODS We analyzed survival in clinic cohorts in London, UK (1,188 cases), and Melbourne, Australia (432 cases). Survival from disease onset was analyzed using the K...

We present a case report of a four-year-old boy with torcicollis and trismus after acute otitis media. Grisel Syndrome diagnosis in association with temporo-mandibular reactive arthritis was admitted, leading to early conservative treatment. GS should be suspected in a child presenting with torticollis after an upper respiratory tract infection or an ENT surgical procedure. The association with...