Indoor air pollution with harmful particulate matter (PM) is mainly caused by cigarette smoke. Super-Slim-Size-Cigarettes (SSL) are considered a less harmful alternative to King-Size-Cigarettes (KSC) due to longer filters and relatively low contents. We ask if "Combined Mainstream and Sidestream Smoke" (CMSS)-associated PM levels of SSL are lower than of KSC and thus are potentially less harmfu...

A study of concentrations of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and suspended particulate matter (SPM) has been performed in Delhi. The monthly and seasonal variations of concentrations and winds are analyzed. The monthly mean SO2 concentrations were in the range of 16.15-34.44 ngrrT and showed regular seasonal variations with the highest concentrations in winter and lowest in monsoon season. On the other ha...

Fine airborne particulate matter (PM2.5) has adverse effects on human health. Assessing the long-term effects of PM2.5 exposure on human health and ecology is often limited by a lack of reliable PM2.5 measurements. In Taipei, PM2.5 levels were not systematically measured until August, 2005. Due to the popularity of geographic information systems (GIS), the landuse regression method has been wid...

The observation and control of particulate matter (PM) pollution in ambient air is increasingly being recognized as an important topic in societies across the globe. Classic measurement approaches provide accurate daily means but are static, expensive and suffer from low spatial resolution and high latency. Distributed measurement grids using real-time capable instrumentation not only can provi...

Sixteen-month time-series measurements of water velocity and light scattering were coupled with hydrographic and suspended particulate matter sections to determine the flux and the variability in flux of suspended particulate matter through the Vema Channel. The northward flux of SPM through the Vema Channel ranged from 3 to 10.5 × 104 g s 1 with a mean of 6.5 × 104 g s 1. The largest fluxes we...

Many of the nation's largest airports, including Los Angeles International Airport, the Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport, Chicago O'Hare International Airport and Washington Dulles International Airport are located within areas designated by the EPA as having ambient particulate matter concentrations that exceed National Ambient Air Quality standards. When inhaled, fine particul...

BACKGROUND Studies have suggested associations between elevated blood pressure and short-term air pollution exposures, but the evidence is mixed regarding long-term exposures on incidence of hypertension. OBJECTIVES We examined the association of hypertension incidence with long-term residential exposures to ambient particulate matter (PM) and residential distance to roadway. METHODS We est...

Quantifying spatial distribution patterns of air pollutants is imperative to understand environmental justice issues. Here we present a landscape-based hierarchical approach in which air pollution variables are regressed against population demographics on multiple spatiotemporal scales. Using this approach, we investigated the potential problem of distributive environmental justice in the Phoen...

OBJECTIVES This study intended to characterize work environment contamination by particles in 2 waste-sorting plants. MATERIAL AND METHODS Particles were measured by portable direct-reading equipment. Besides mass concentration in different sizes, data related with the number of particles concentration were also obtained. RESULTS Both sorting units showed the same distribution concerning th...

OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to assess the size characteristics of particulate matter (PM) generated during waste collection and sorting, and to assess the effect of the type of waste-handling activity on levels of coarse and fine PM. METHODS A portable aerosol spectrometer calibrated to 1.2 //min was used to monitor PM generated during four types of waste-handling activities. The type...