background: the present study was conducted to investigate the possible effects of l-carnitine and glutamine and their synergistic effects on male soccer athletes. methods: 28 male soccer players (21.1±0.7 y) were enrolled in a randomized pre and post intervention, double-blind design. before the intervention, their performances were assessed by bruce protocol, and their body composition was me...

In this cross-sectional study, the qualitative and quantitative throwing performance of male and female athletes (6 to 16 years of age) was analyzed. The goal of this study was to assess whether there were gender based qualitative and quantitative differences in throwing performance of young athletes, throughout three different age bands (childhood, pubescence, and adolescence). Furthermore, we...

BACKGROUND A medial collateral ligament (MCL) knee sprain is a prevalent injury in athletic populations that may result in significant time lost to injury. Remarkably little is known of the epidemiology of this injury. PURPOSE To define the incidence of MCL tears and to determine the demographic and athletic risk factors. STUDY DESIGN Descriptive epidemiological study. METHODS A longitudi...

OBJECTIVE To determine if approximate entropy (ApEn), a regularity statistic from non-linear dynamics, could detect changes in postural control during quiet standing in athletes with normal postural stability after cerebral concussion. METHODS The study was a retrospective, case series analysis of centre of pressure (COP) data collected during the Sensory Organization Test (SOT) from NCAA Div...

OBJECTIVE To identify the prevalence of injuries occurred during training and/or competition in triathlon athletes at SESC Triathlon Caiobá-2011. METHODS One hundred and ninety athletes participated in the study (153 males and 37 females). RESULTS Athletes reported time of practice between 3 to 6 years (20%), training frequency of 5 days per week (48%), at least one injury during trainings ...

OBJECTIVE To identify disordered eating behaviors and body image dissatisfaction, as well as their relationship to body fat (BF), among male athletes in high risk sports for eating disorders. METHODS One hundred and fifty-six male athletes were divided into the following categories: weight-class sports, sports where leanness improves performance, and sports with aesthetic ideals. BF was asses...

BACKGROUND Broad criteria for classifying an electrocardiogram (ECG) as abnormal and requiring additional testing prior to participating in competitive athletics have been recommended for the preparticipation examination (PPE) of athletes. Because these criteria have not considered gender differences, we examined the effect of gender on the computerized ECG measurements obtained on Stanford stu...