Malaria is a disease transmitted by female Anopheles mosquitoes to humans. Mosquitoes are carrier of malaria. There many types vector control strategies, including physical, chemical, and biological methods. Individuals, local communities, more organized public health management programs often need work together effectively identify mosquito farms. Efforts should be made destroy eggs reduce the...

The quantification of malaria transmission for the classification of malaria risk has long been a concern for epidemiologists. During the era of the Global Malaria Eradication Programme, measurements of malaria endemicity were institutionalised by their incorporation into rules outlining defined action points for malaria control programmes. We review the historical development of these indices ...

Background: Malaria is still account for 200 million cases annually. Microscopy is the gold standard technique for malaria parasites detection. PCR-based techniques can detect malaria infections with high sensitivity. The study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity of microscopy technique in the detection of P. falciparum and P. vivax, using monoplex real-time PCR, Gezira State, Central Sudan. Met...

Malaria in Ethiopia is one of the leading causes of death (21.8 percent), consultation in outpatient departments (17.8 percent) and hospital admissions (14.1 percent) (2;14). To overcome this problem, the Malaria Control Program (Federal Ministry of Health) has designed a communitybased malaria treatment approach that played key roles in malaria epidemic control and community mobilization as we...

In some areas of Africa, health facility data have indicated declines in malaria that might have resulted from increasingly effective control programs. Most such reports have been from countries where malaria transmission is highly seasonal or of modest intensity. In Malawi, perennial malaria transmission is intense, and malaria control measures have been scaled up during the past decade. We ex...

Malaria has always been an important public health problem in Brazil. The early history of Brazilian malaria and its control was powered by colonisation by Europeans and the forced relocation of Africans as slaves. Internal migration brought malaria to many regions in Brazil where, given suitable Anopheles mosquito vectors, it thrived. Almost from the start, officials recognised the problem mal...

Asia ranks second to Africa in terms of malaria burden. In 19 countries of Asia, malaria is endemic and 2.31 billion people or 62% of the total population in these countries are at risk of malaria. In 2010, WHO estimated around 34.8 million cases and 45,600 deaths due to malaria in Asia. In 2011, 2.7 million cases and > 2000 deaths were reported. India, Indonesia, Myanmar and Pakistan are respo...

introduction malaria is the most important parasitic infection, which is now spread all over the globe. malaria infections with more than two species, especially plasmodium falciparum and p. vivax, are common, but infections with p. malariae and p. falciparum are rare. discussion mixed malaria infection is not uncommon, and it needs to be diagnosed and treated effectively in order to control th...

Malaria is an ancient disease in India. Known as the ‘king of diseases’, malaria was estimated to cause 75 million cases and 0.8 million deaths annually. In epidemic years, morbidity and mortality used to increase 2–3 times. Ravages of malaria were so rampant and devastating, that the economic growth of the country remained paralysed. Economic loss to the nation due to malaria was estimated at ...

Mathematical models developed for studying malaria dynamics often focus on a single, homogeneous population. However, human movement connects environments with potentially different malaria transmission characteristics. To address the role of human movement and spatial heterogeneity in malaria transmission and malaria control, we consider a simple malaria metapopulation model incorporating two ...