farmers’ fields, it is not clear that breeders have been successful in achieving greater yield potential as defined This paper addresses the question of whether there has been an by Evans (1993), which is the yield of a cultivar when increase in yield potential of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids released in the north-central United States since the advent of the “Green grown in environments to whic...

Misión Biológica de Galicia, Spanish Council for Scientific Research, Apartado 28, 36080 Pontevedra, Spain Butrón et al. 355 Abstract—The pink stem borer (PSB) (Sesamia nonagrioides Lefèbvre, 1827; Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is the main insect pest of maize (Zea mays L., Poaceae) in the Mediterranean area. Maize varieties partially resistant to PSB have been identified, but few studies have docume...

Crop improvement for yield and drought tolerance is challenging due to the complex genetic nature of these traits and environmental dependencies. This study reports that transgenic over-expression of Zea mays AR GOS1 (ZAR1) enhanced maize organ growth, grain yield, and drought-stress tolerance. The ZAR1 transgene exhibited environmental interactions, with yield increase under Temperate Dry and ...

ABSTRACT Fusarium spp. in maize can contaminate the grain with mycotoxins if environmental conditions are favorable for fungal growth. To quantify the relationship between growth of Fusarium spp. and environmental conditions, a mathematical model was developed to simulate growth of F. graminearum and F. verticillioides on maize ears following silk inoculation in field experiments from 1992 to 1...

Insect resistance is the second most common trait globally in cultivated genetically modified (GM) plants. Resistance is usually obtained by introducing into the plant's genome genes from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) coding for insecticidal proteins (Cry proteins or toxins) that target insect pests. The aim of this study was to examine the hypothesis that a chronic, high-dose dieta...

Active K(+) influx was studied in apical segments from maize (Zea mays L., hybrid lines XL 342) and pea (Pisum sativum L. var Laxton superbo) seedlings pretreated with the herbicide chlorsulfuron (2-chloro-N-[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) aminocarbonyl]benzenesulfonamide).Even though both plants were sensitive to chlorsulfuron, a strong inhibition of K(+) uptake only was evident in ma...

The viral genome-linked protein, VPg, of potyviruses is involved in viral genome replication and translation. To determine host proteins that interact with Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) VPg, a yeast two-hybrid screen was used and a maize (Zea mays) Elongin C (ZmElc) protein was identified. ZmELC transcript was observed in all maize organs, but most highly in leaves and pistil extracts, and ZmEl...

the objective of the present field experiment was to examine how plant density and enhanced source, i.e. thinning treatments, may affect grain yield and its components for a non-prolific maize hybrid, sc704. the environment of the hybrid maize crop was changed at intervals over its life cycle by removing every other plant in rows equispaced at 75 cm apart with a population of 13.34 plants m...