Abstract Immune evasion of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) facilitates intracellular bacterial growth. The mechanisms immune evasion, however, are still not fully understood. In this study, we reveal that tristetraprolin (TTP), one the best characterized RNA-binding proteins controlling stability target mRNAs, mediates innate mycobacteria. We found TTP knockout mice displayed reduced burden in...

Besides its importance as a livestock species, pig is increasingly being used an animal model for biomedical research. Macrophages play critical roles in immunity to pathogens, tissue development, homeostasis and repair. These cells are also primary targets replication of viruses such African swine fever virus, classical porcine respiratory reproductive syndrome which can cause huge economic lo...

Despite long-term immunosuppression, organ transplant recipients face the risk of immune rejection and graft loss. Tacrolimus (TAC, FK506, Prograf®) is an FDA-approved keystone immunosuppressant for preventing rejection. However, it undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism has a narrow therapeutic window, which leads to erratic bioavailability toxicity. Local delivery TAC directly into graft, ...

Mouse alveolar macrophages (AM) cultured in the absence of serum secrete an elastolytic enzyme. The elastase from AM resembles the previously described elastase from peritoneal macrophages (PM) in pH optimum and inhibition profile. The macrophage enzymes do not appear to be stored, and with periodic changes in the culture medium, accumulate extracellularly for up to 10 days. Resident PM produce...

This study aimed to evaluate the antileishmanial efficacy of oxaliplatin against Leishmania major both in-vitro and in-vivo. The IC50, CC50, and SI of oxaliplatin against promastigotes, murine macrophages, Raw 264.7 cells, and intramacrophage amastigotes of L. major were investigated in-vitro. The effects of this drug on intrace...

Background and Aims: Cells and secreted molecules by the innate immune system are the essential factors in the pathogenesis and determining the severity of inflammation in COVID-19 patients. Severe inflammation results from increased activity of neutrophils, macrophages, and other cells with their products. Inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) increases the severity an...

background: autophagy as a cellular pathway facilitates several immune responses against infection. it also eliminates invading pathogens through transferring content between the cytosol and the lysosomal vesicles and contributes to the cross-presentation of exogenous antigens to t lymphocytes via mhc class i pathway. autophagy induction is one of the main targets for new drugs and future vacci...

The objective of this study was to compare the antimicrobial activity macrophages and serum in laying hen (MM, CC, CCc) broiler chicken lineages (TT LL). Macrophages were evaluated for phagocytic activity. Microbicidal by resistance test agar test. results showed that higher males MM strain, with 13% presenting phagocytosis, while other studied, even [...]

Malignant gliomas are highly invasive brain tumors with the occurrence of multiple microglia/macrophages in the tumor microenvironment. Macrophages/microglia that found in glioma microenvironment, as tumor-infiltrating immune cells, can play a harmful role in tumor progression. In addition, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) contains multiple aberrant differentiation and tumorigenic cancer stem cell...