Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is a family of polymers composed primarily of R-3-hydroxyalkanoic acids. These polymers have properties of biodegradable thermoplastics and elastomers. Medium-chain-length PHAs (MCL-PHAs) are synthesized in bacteria by using intermediates of the beta-oxidation of alkanoic acids. To assess the feasibility of producing MCL-PHAs in plants, Arabidopsis thaliana was transf...

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) can be divided into three main types based on the sizes of the monomers incorporated into the polymer. Short-chain-length (SCL) PHAs consist of monomer units of C3 to C5, medium-chain-length (MCL) PHAs consist of monomer units of C6 to C14, and SCL-MCL PHAs consist of monomers ranging in size from C4 to C14. Although previous studies using recombinant Escherichia co...

Nowadays, there is an increasing interest toward the substitution of oil-based polymers with biobased polymers. Poly(hydroxyalkanoates) (PHAs) emerge as a new class of biopolymers, that have gained more and more attention due to their thermoplastic behaviour, acceptable mechanical properties and biodegradability in compost conditions1. Applications based on PHAs, as a matrix, are generally foun...

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are a family of biopolyesters synthesized by many types of bacteria as carbon and energy reserve materials. PHAs combine properties of thermal processibility, biodegradability, biocompatibility and sustainability. They have attracted attention from fermentation, materials and biomedical industries. Recent environmental concerns such as CO(2) emissions and plastic po...

We report an easy procedure for isolating chromosome-clustered genes. By following this methodology, the entire set of genes belonging to the phenylacetic acid (PhAc; 18-kb) pathway as well as those required for the synthesis and mobilization of different polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs; 6.4 kb) in Pseudomonas putida U were recovered directly from the bacterial chromosome and cloned into a plasmid ...

Regression of the corpus luteum (CL) is characterized by a decay in progesterone (P4) production (functional luteolysis) and disappearance of luteal tissues (structural luteolysis). In mares, structural luteolysis is thought to be caused by apoptosis of luteal cells, but functional luteolysis is poorly understood. 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20α-HSD) catabolizes P4 into its biologically i...

Human luteal cells have been reported to express human leukocyte antigen-DR and lymphocyte functional antigen-3 on the cell surface, suggesting physiological interaction between luteal cells and T-lymphocytes through the menstrual cycle into early pregnancy. To elucidate the role of peripheral lymphocytes on corpus luteum differentiation, the effect of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) ...