Acute lung injury occurs mostly in the very low birth weight and extremely low birth weight infants. The pathological process leading to acute lung injury includes immature and/or diseased lung that experienced oxidative stress, inflammation and mechanical insult with the bronchial, alveolar and capillary injuries and cell death. It may be the first step to the subsequent development of chronic...

Mechanical ventilation has been shown to produce lung injury characterized by noncardiogenic pulmonary edema. Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) is a heparin-binding growth factor that causes alveolar type II pneumocyte hyperplasia. KGF pretreatment and the resultant pneumocyte hyperplasia reduce fluid flux in models of lung injury. We utilized the isolated perfused rat lung model to produce lung...

Lung injury following thoracic surgery is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. A consistent risk factor is excessive perioperative fluid administration, not only following pneumonectomy, but also after lesser lung resections and esophageal surgery. Recent insights into the pathophysiology of lung injury after thoracic surgery include the role of the endothelial glycocalyx, pulmonary endoth...

Pancreatic proteases are secreted in acute pancreatitis, but their contribution to associated lung injury is unclear. Applying models of mild edematous (intravenous caerulein) and severe necrotizing (intraductal glycodeoxycholic acid) pancreatitis in rats, we showed that both trypsinogen and trypsin concentrations in peripheral blood, as well as lung injury, correlate with the severity of the d...

In order to study human acute lung injury and pneumonia, it is important to develop animal models to mimic various pathological features of this disease. Here we have developed a mouse lung injury model by intra-tracheal injection of bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa or PA). Using this model, we were able to show lung inflammation at the early phase of injury. In addition, alveolar...

objective(s): increasing cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ros) during ischemia reperfusion (i-r) leads to the lung damage. adalimumab (ada) is a potent tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-α) inhibitor agent. we aimed to evaluate whether ada would prevent the lung tissue from damage development over the i-r process. materials and methods:twenty seven wistar albino male rats were divided into ...

To explore the favourable functions of polysaccharide from Spirulina platensis (PSP) on sepsis-originated acute lung injury, together with corresponding mechanisms. 60 male SD rats were randomly separated into sham, sepsis, and sepsis+PSP group 20 in each group. Sepsis rat model was constructed by cecal ligation puncture (CLP). The mortality sepsis-related symptoms used to judge success. CLP su...

Elevated concentrations of hyaluronan (HA) are associated with the accumulation of macrophages in the lung after injury. We have investigated the role of HA in the inflammatory and fibrotic responses to lung injury using the intratracheal instillation of bleomycin in rats as a model. After bleomycin-induced lung injury, both HA content in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and staining for HA in macr...

The fibroproliferative reaction to acute lung injury may limit restoration of normal lung function and increase mortality in patients with acute lung injury. A biologic marker of collagen synthesis in the lung may be useful for studying the pathogenesis of acute lung injury and for identifying patients with acute lung injury who are at high risk for death and might benefit from new therapeutic ...

OBJECTIVE To describe the planned aims and methodology of the Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference. DESIGN Consensus conference of experts in pediatric acute lung injury. METHODS A panel of 26 experts in pediatric acute lung injury will meet over the course of one year to develop a better taxonomy to define pediatric acute lung injury, specifically predisposing factors, etiology...