2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: D1318 Test Method for Sodium in Residual Fuel Oil (Flame Photometric Method) D3237 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy D3340 Test Method for Lithium and Sodium in Lubricating Greases by Flame Photometer D3605 Test Method for Trace Metals in Gas Turbine Fuels by Atomic Absorption and Flame Emission Spectroscopy D3831 Test...

The protection of the environment and pollution control are issues paramount importance. Researchers today engrossed in mitigating harmful impacts petroleum waste on environment. Lubricating oils, which essential for smooth operation engines, often disposed improperly after completing their life. In experimental work presented this paper, deteriorated engine oil was regenerated using acid treat...

Until the middle of this century, fats and oils are the major raw material source for paints, coating and lubricating applications. These markets are completely taken over by petroleum based stocks due to their abundance and versatility. However, recent public awareness to use environmentally acceptable products that minimize pollution, are compatible to human health and readily biodegradable c...

Based on computational fluid dynamics, friction lubrication theory and hydrostatic technology, large size hydrostatic Guide-way of heavy vertical CNC lathes,which are widely used, was taken as research object. The control equation of hydrostatic guide-way’s interstitial fluid was established. By finite volume method, lubricating oil properties, boundary conditions such as constant flow inlet, o...

The analysis of new and used oil for concentration trends of wear metals and for formulation or depletion of additive package metals has been around for over 30 years. Wear metals such as copper (Cu) and iron (Fe) may indicate wear in an engine or any oil-wetted compartment. Boron (B), silicon (Si) or sodium (Na) may indicate contamination from dirt or antifreeze leading to a failure. Additive ...

The condition of lubricating oil used in automotive and industrial gearboxes must be controlled in order to guarantee optimum performance and prevent damage to machinery parts. In normal practice, this is done by regular oil change intervals and routine laboratory analysis, both of which involve considerable operating costs. In this paper, we present a compact and robust optical sensor that can...