longitudinal  study  plays  an  important  role  in  the  epidemiological,  clinical,  and  social  science studies. in these kinds of studies, every individual is observed frequently during a period of time. the statistical analysis of longitudinal presents special opportunities  and challenges. the repeated outcomes for one individual tend to be correlated among themselves also one of the pro...

AIMS Our main objective was to analyze individual determinants that lead middle-aged women to seek medical care for urinary incontinence (UI). METHODS Observational longitudinal study among GAZEL cohort participants: 2,640 women aged 50-62 completed a self-administered questionnaire at baseline. Eight years later (2008) 2,273 (86%) responded to a follow-up questionnaire. Seeking care for UI w...

OBJECTIVE The prospective, bidirectional relationship between sleep disturbance and depressed mood was assessed in a school-based sample of adolescents. METHOD One hundred and thirty-eight Australian adolescents (mean age time 1 =15.69, standard deviation =0.92; 64% male) completed questionnaires to assess sleep parameters and depressed mood, on two occasions over 1 year. RESULTS Cross-sect...

OBJECTIVE To conduct the first nationwide population survey to examine the associations between changes in speed of eating and weight gain over 3 years. The study also explored whether faster eating at baseline was related to healthy-weight women becoming overweight after 3 years. DESIGN Longitudinal. At baseline, participants were randomly selected from a nationally representative sampling f...

BACKGROUND Younger indoor tanning initiation leads to greater melanoma risk due to more frequent and persistent behavior. Despite this, there are no published studies exploring the predictors of indoor tanning initiation in teen populations. PURPOSE This longitudinal study uses latent profile analysis to examine indoor tanning initiation in indoor tanning risk subgroups from a national sample...

BACKGROUND A number of studies provide evidence for an association between psychosocial factors and risk of incident arthritis. Current evidence is largely limited to the examination of negative factors such as perceived stress, but positive factors such as subjective wellbeing may also play a role. PURPOSE The purpose of the current study was to investigate whether people with higher subject...

OBJECTIVE To compare associations between neighborhood deprivation and measures of BMI change among adults with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Using data from the Kaiser Permanente Diabetes Study of Northern California (DISTANCE) survey, we estimated the association between neighborhood deprivation and two measures of BMI change over 3 years: 1) a continuous measure and 2) a cat...

OBJECTIVE This study investigated gender-specific incidence and predictors of cognitive impairment among community-dwelling older adults in South Korea. METHODS Using data from the 2006 and 2012 Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA), 925 females and 834 males aged 65 and over without cognitive impairment at 2006 were analyzed separately. Cognitive impairment was measured based on the Ko...

OBJECTIVE To determine in a representative Dutch sample the association of dietary restraint, Concern for Dieting, and Weight Fluctuation with subsequent change in body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)) in addition to possible moderator effects of sex, level of education, age category, ethnicity, overweight level and physical activity. DESIGN In a longitudinal study in a representative Dutch sampl...

INTRODUCTION This review aims to give an overview of available published evidence concerning the association between physical activity and asthma in children, adolescents and adults. METHODS We included all original articles in which both physical activity and asthma were assessed in case-control, cross-sectional or longitudinal (cohort) studies. Excluded were studies concerning physical fitn...