nuclei of the brainstem. In this theory, she attributes to the dorsal noradrenergic (locus coeruleus) system a role in processing exteroceptive cues; that is, enabling the animal to respond to significant environmental information. Alternatively, in this theory, the ventral system (non-locus coeruleus), which provides significant noradrenergic input to the hypothalamus, plays an interoceptive r...

Central noradrenergic neurones and the mechanism of general anaesthesia Modern anaesthetics are, in the main, safe and predictable in their use, and highly ef®cient. Moreover, it could be argued that without these properties major advances in surgical practice, so often highlighted in the media, could not have taken place. However, as an example of pharmacology, the production of the anaestheti...